- 30 POINTS
- INDIVIDUAL ONLINE QUIZ
- GIVE 5 INDIGENOUS BELIEF THAT YOU KNOW AND PRACTICE AND WHERE DO YOU THINK IT CAME FROM.
- ELABORATE AND EXPLAIN
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30 POINTS INDIVIDUAL ONLINE QUIZ GIVE 5 INDIGENOUS BELIEF THAT YOU KNOW AND PRACTICE AND WHERE DO YOU THINK IT CAME FROM. ELABORATE AND ...
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Communicate Learning Objectives 1. State the objectives of the meeting. Discuss the milestones the Internet has helped humanity reach, but ...
INDIGENOUS BELIEF OF FILIPINO
ReplyDelete1.Pag-aanito": "offering" or "act of worship"[edit]
Because of the limitations of language and of personal religious biases, Spanish chroniclers often recorded different interpretations of Tagalog words relating to worship. The word "anito" is one of these words which had differing interpreters. Scott[3] notes that missionaries eventually reinterpreted the word to mean "all idols", including the middle eastern gods mentioned in the bible, whenever they were included in their homilies. As a result, in modern times, the word "anito" has come to mean the various figurines or "idols" which represent Filipino deities.
2."Bathala": the "almighty" or "creator"According to the early Spanish missionaries, the Tagalog people believed in a creator-god named "Bathala",[2] whom they referred to both as maylicha (creator; lit. "actor of creation") and maycapal (lord, or almighty; lit. "actor of power"). Loarca and Chirino reported that in some places, this creator god was called "Molaiari" (Malyari) or "Dioata" (Diwata).[3] Scott (1989) "The Tagalogs called their supreme god Bathala Maykapal or Lumikha (The Creator). An enormous being, he could not straignten up due to the lowness of the sky. And the sun burned brighly near him. One day, Bathala got a bolo and pierced one of the sun's eyes so that it could generate just enough heat to sustain life."
3.Tagalog soul[edit]
The Tagalog people traditionally believe in the two forms of the soul. The first is known as the kakambal (literally means twin), which is the soul of the living. Every time a person sleeps, the kakambal may travel to many mundane and supernatural places which sometimes leads to nightmares if a terrible event is encountered while the kakambal is travelling. When a person dies, the kakambal is ultimately transformed into the second form of the Tagalog soul, which is the kaluluwa (literally means spirit). In traditional Tagalog religion, the kaluluwa then travels to either Kasanaan (if the person was evil when he was living) or Maca (if the person was good when he was living). Both domains are ruled by Bathala, though Kasanaan is also ruled by the deity of souls.
4.Dream beliefs[edit]
The Tagalog people traditionally believe that when a person sleeps, he may or may not dream the omens of Bathala. The omens are either hazy illusions within a dream, the appearance of an omen creature such as tigmamanukan, or sightings from the future. The dream omens do not leave traces on what a person must do to prevent or let the dream come true as it is up to the person to make the proper actions to prevent or make the dream come true. The omen dreams are only warnings and possibilities 'drafted by Bathala'.
5.Traditional burial practices[edit]
The Tagalog people had numerous burial practices prior to Spanish colonization and Catholic introduction. In rural areas of Cavite, trees are used as burial places. The dying person chooses the tree beforehand, thus when he or she becomes terminally ill or is evidently going to die because old age, a hut is built close to the said tree. The deceased's corpse is then entombed vertically inside the hollowed-out tree trunk. Before colonization, a statue known as likha is also entombed with the dead inside the tree trunk. In Mulanay, Quezon and nearby areas, the dead are entombed inside limestone sarcophagi along with a likha statue. However, the practice vanished in the 16th century due to Spanish colonization. In Calatagan, Batangas and nearby areas, the dead are buried under the earth along with likha statues. The statues, measuring 6-12 inches, are personified depictions of anitos.
#DHATU KIANA E. MARTINEZ
# 12 AVAILABILITY
5 INDIGENOUS BELIEF IN THE PHILIPPINE
ReplyDelete1. Fitting your wedding dress prior to your wedding day will cost you your life. In the Philippines, a bride is strictly prohibited to fit her wedding gown prior to the actual day itself. Yes, this is a common belief also in many other countries, but in the Philippines, they believe that doing the said fitting will cost the bride’s life. This may be in the form of an accident, or any other unfortunate event that will take place before the wedding day. While we’re not entirely sure about the roots of this superstitious belief, it is believed to have been brought by the Spaniards during the colonization period. To this day, a lot of future brides still follow this belief. After all, it’s better to be safe than sorry!
2. When someone sees you and you appear to be headless, it means you’re about to die. Another popular superstition in the Philippines is when someone says that he/she cannot see your head/face, it means that you are going to die. Soon. Same belief applies with photographs in which your face or head appears to be missing (darkened/blurred/shaded for example). However, you can still change the course of your “fate” by taking off the clothes you’re currently wearing and burying them on the ground as soon as possible. Like the wedding dress superstition, the source of this belief still has to be found, but it grew to immense popularity especially in the 1980s and early 1990s when it became the subjects of Pinoy movies with plots revolving around grisly murders that were based on real-life crime stories.
3. When a woman sings while cooking, she will end up a spinster. Yes, this sounds funny and highly improbable, but this superstitious belief actually had a pretty strong hold on women, especially during the Spanish era. Mothers usually remind their grownup daughters not to sing while cooking meals, otherwise they won’t be able to marry.
4. Saying “tao, tao po” while knocking at someone’s door is more than just asking if there’s someone in the house. It’s a common custom for Filipinos to say “tao po” when knocking at someone else’s door. While it literally means asking if someone’s inside the house, elders also believe that this is one way of introducing yourself as human and not some supernatural creature such as dwarves, fairies, or encantos who can’t do humanspeak.
5. Bringing home food served at a wake or a funeral will bring bad luck. There are superstitions aplenty involving the dead – the dearly departed whose souls/spirits are said to still be roaming around for 40 days after death. Therefore, hoarding food served at a wake and bringing them home is tantamount to inviting bad luck into your own home.
#Aljun Abubakar
#Availability
Indigenous religious belief of the Tagalog people:
ReplyDelete1.) "Bathala" : the "almighty" or "creator".
Bathala was describe as "may kapal sa lahat" (maker of everything)
According to the early Spanish missionaries, the Tagalog people believed in a Creator-God named "Bathala".
2.) Folk Medicine
Tagalog Folk medicine, some practices of which persist today and are studied under Filipino psychology. Tagalog Folk medicine include the system of "usog" and of "init at lamig" (hot and cold) which leads to "pasma".
3.) Tigmamanukan (omen birds)
According to Buenaventura's Dictionary, the tagalog believed that direction of tigmanukan, is flying across one path ay the beginning a journey indacated the undertaking's result. If it flew from right to left the expedition would be success. This sign was called "labay", a term still present in some Filipino long term with the meaning "proceed". If the bird flew from left to right, the homeless would surely never refurn.
4.) Tagalog Soul
The tagalog people traditionally believe in the two forms of the soul. The first is known as the "kakambal" (literally means twin), which is the soul of the living. Everytime a person sleeps, the kakambal may travel to supernatural places which sometimes leads to nightmares if a terrible event is encountered while event is encountered while the kakambal is traveling.
5.) Filipino Folk Healers
At the on-set of the colonial era, the suppression of the babaylans and the native Filipino religion gave rise to the albularyo. Albularyo was able to synchronise the ancient mode of healing with the new religion. Albularyos employ herbs, alum, coconut oil, etc in their healing practices as well as various prayers, chants and supernatural cures especially for cases including supernatunal causes.
#Tolentino, Hannah Faith V .
#12-Availability
5 indigenous beliefs
ReplyDelete1.diwata
(derived from Sanskrit devata देवता; [1] encantada in Spanish) is a type of deity or spirit. The term "diwata" has taken on levels of meaning since its assimilation into the mythology of the pre-colonial Filipinos. The term is traditionally used in the Visayas, Palawan, and Mindanao regions, while the term anito is used in Luzon regions.
2.Encanto
A male diwata is coined as enkanto, thought they seem to be of a totally different race. They are believed to be malevolent with very pale skin to white skin that sparkles under direct sunlight, light colored hair, and fangs. It resides primarily near the sea or any body of water. It is customary for Filipino fishermen to offer meat and other delicacies to the enkanto by throwing them into the sea, after a day's bountiful catch.
3.Siyam (Fasting)
Fasting during the month of Ramadan (the ninth month of the lunar calendar) is from sun up to sun down only and is an obligation on every adult healthy Muslim, male or female. Fasting is total abstinence from eating, drinking, smoking, gum chewing, intimate relations, and taking anything into the body. If a person is ill and needs to take medication, s/he cannot fast. Fasting is also a time to discipline one's self from bad behaviors, such as arguing and saying mean things. Those who are ill or unable to fast for health or reasons of age are exempt from fasting. However, they should feed the poor one meal for every day they miss of fasting. Women who are pregnant, menstruating, or nursing, or any who are traveling, are also exempt from fasting. However, when their situation changes, they make up the days of fasting or feed the poor one meal for each day of fasting they missed.
4.Zakah (Charity)
Zakat is an annual obligatory charity on every Muslim, male or female, who possesses over the last year money or property that exceeds their minimum needs. The requirement is 2.5% of one's excess wealth. It is also called a tax because it supports the government workers who are not free to make money elsewhere.
5.Hajj (Pilgrimage)
The performance of the pilgrimage to Makkah, Saudi Arabia is required once in a lifetime of every Muslim, if financially able, as well as physically able. Hajj begins every year during the month of Dul Hejja; Dul Hejja is the 12th month of the Islamic (lunar) calendar year. The Hajj is a spiritual journey where a Muslim forgets all worldly things and devotes his\her attention and time to Allah alone.
#jornalyn aradji
#gas
The indigenous belief in the PHILIPPINES
ReplyDelete1.Cleaning in the night time-
Being a muslim that's our tradition cleaning at night time is bad because it may loss of lives or your relatives that is close to you,and that is the belief of muslim.
2.Cooking vegetable that is long
Our ancestor commit us to minimize that kind of belief because if you cook or eat that will continue,or another relatives will die.
3 Bidjil
As part of family you should follow that belief,because it was already came in in our blood to make that tradition to have a bidjil.
4.Pangalay Dance
During a wedding day as what we belief in our culture pangalay is the most popular dance to have fun and enjoy to communicate towards the relatives of your wife.
5.Bawal magsama ng hindi mo asawa
During the time was passed by our ancestor had make this belief to those person who do this kind of belief because doing this it may cause a broken family.A S A MUSLIM WE NEED TO FOLLOW THIS belief we should give DORE to the women who you want to marry.
#LISAB,BINSAR P.
#12-GALLANTRY
5 indigenous
ReplyDelete1.Hadiths
were written by Muhammad’s contemporaries on scattered notes collected about 200 years after Muhammad died, and that collections of these notes accurately detail Muhammad’s words and deeds.
2.Jihad
is a primary duty of every Muslim in defense of Islam.
3. Jewish or Christian kafirs
are murdered if they refuse to convert to Islam or “pay the jizya tax and feel subdued.” For committed Muslims, jihad against kafirs is the equivalent of a sacrament in Christianity.
4..diwata
(derived from Sanskrit devata देवता; [1] encantada in Spanish) is a type of deity or spirit. The term "diwata" has taken on levels of meaning since its assimilation into the mythology of the pre-colonial Filipinos. The term is traditionally used in the Visayas, Palawan, and Mindanao regions, while the term anito is used in Luzon regions.
5..Encanto
A male diwata is coined as enkanto, thought they seem to be of a totally different race. They are believed to be malevolent with very pale skin to white skin that sparkles under direct sunlight, light colored hair, and fangs. It resides primarily near the sea or any body of water. It is customary for Filipino fishermen to offer meat and other delicacies to the enkanto by throwing them into the sea, after a day's bountiful catch.
#ferosa kimhan
#gas
5 indigenous beliefs
ReplyDelete1.Fasting during the month of Ramadan (sawm)
Sawm (also siyam), fasting, commemorates the revelation of the Quran to humanity during Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic year.
2.Pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj)
At least once in his or her lifetime, each Muslim is expected to undertake a pilgrimage to Mecca, the sacred city of Islam. This holy journey is called the hajj in Arabic.
3.pangalay
also known as daling-daling or mengalai in sabah is the traditional fingernail dance of the tausog people of the sulo archipelogo and sabah.
4. lā ilāha illā l - Lāh ,
Muhammad rasūlu l - Lāh .
Translating, this means “There is no god but God,
Muhammad is the messenger of God.” This statement emphasizes belief in the
oneness ( tawhid ) of God and the acceptance of Muhammad as God’s messenger
and fi nal prophet. A sincere declaration of this statement is required for anyone to
be considered a Muslim. There are six articles of faith in Islam: (1) belief in God.
5.4.Zakah (Charity)
Zakat is an annual obligatory charity on every Muslim, male or female, who possesses over the last year money or property that exceeds their minimum needs. The requirement is 2.5% of one's excess wealth. It is also called a tax because it supports the government workers who are not free to make money elsewhere.
#jomayda tapsin
#gas
5 INDIGENOUS BELIEF
ReplyDelete1.Various terms have been used to refer to the religious beliefs of the 175 ethnolinguistic groups of the Philippines, where each had their own form of indigenous government prior to colonization from Islam and Spain. They are characterized as being animistic, and have been collectively referred to as Anitism or Bathalism or the more modern and less Tagalog-centric Dayawism.
The profusion of different terms arises from the fact that these indigenous religions mostly flourished in the pre-colonial period before the Philippines had become a single nation.
2.Some writers have noted that these beliefs have similarities with the Shinto religion of Japan, although they do not draw a historical linkage between the two belief systems.[6] More historically linked are the various indigenous religious beliefs the various religions of Oceania and the maritime Southeast Asia, which draw their roots from Austronesian beliefs as thos
As of 2010, an estimated 2% of the Philippine population identified as practicing indigenous beliefs - the majority of whom live in isolated areas where Islam, Catholicism, or Protestantism have not become dominant. Since the entrance of the 21st century, streams of Christian and Muslim Filipinos are steadily reverting to their indigenous ethnic religions that were once branded as lowly by Spanish, American, and Arabians colonizers, but have been affirmed by the social sciences as comprehensive and highly in nature.[8]
3.
15th century bulul, an anito representation, with a pamahan (ceremonial bowl) in the Louvre Museum
Historian T. Valentino Sitoy, in his review of documents concerning pre-Spanish religious beliefs, notes that three core characteristics which shaped the religious worldview of Filipinos throughout the archipelago before the arrival of Spanish colonizers. First, Filipinos believed in the existence of parallel spirit world, which was invisible but had an influence on the visible world. Second, Filipinos believed that there were spirits (anito) everywhere - ranging from the high creator gods to minor spirits that lived in the environment such as trees or rocks or creeks. Third, Filipinos believed that events in the human world were influenced by the actions and interventions of these spirit beings.[
4.When Spanish missionaries arrived in the Philippines, the word "anito" came to be associated with the physical representations of spirits that featured prominently in paganito rituals. During the American rule of the Philippines (1898–1946), the meaning of the Spanish word idolo ("a thing worshiped") has been further conflated with the English word "idol", and thus anito has come to refer almost exclusively to the carved figures or statues (taotao) of ancestral and nature spirits.[5][10]
The belief in anito is sometimes referred to as anitism in scholarly literature (Spanish: anitismo or anitería)
5.Creator gods in Filipino religions
Many indigenous Filipino cultures assert the existence of a high god, creator god, or sky god.[4] Among the Tagalogs, the supreme god was known as Bathala, who was additionally described as Maykapal (the all-powerful) or Lumikha (the creator). Among the Visayan peoples the creator God is referred to as Laon, meaning "the ancient one." Among the Manuvu, the highest god was called Manama. Among most of the Cordilleran peoples (with the Apayao region as an exception), the creator and supreme teacher is known as Kabuniyan.[4]
In most cases, however, these gods were considered such great beings that they were too distant for ordinary people to approach.[2] People thus tended to pay more attention to "lesser gods" or "assistant deities" who could more easily approached, and whose wills could more easily be influenced.
Yes, i know the country full of the indigenous people or poverty..because of the poverty many people was never be change and explore because of the poverty or indigenous people
in the country....
#adzar
#gas
Burials Belief in the Philippines
ReplyDelete1)We were not allowed to take a bath or comb our hair inside the house where the deceased rested in the casket. It was said that combing our hair can cause our own deaths, one after the other. There was no logical reason given to me, but hey, I followed and took a bath somewhere else and combed my hair while going to the market.
2)We were not allowed to sweep the floor. It could cause bad luck. We were allowed to collect the trash though and wipe the floor with wet cloth. That was strange! Not sweeping, but wiping.
3)We were not allowed to eat food with Moringa leaves. They said that eating this food could cause death in the family, one after the other. Pulling the Moringa leaves means pulling a person to his grave. Vegetables that climbed like squash were not allowed to be eaten either.
4) Red clothes were not allowed for the adults, but were for the kids, as the red color would protect the kids from seeing the ghost of the dead.
5)We were not allowed to bring home food served from the wake. It was said that the dead would not like it and would follow you home.
#MARY GAY LAI
#GRADE 12 GALLANTRY
#FEBRUARY 7, 2019
#GAS
Wedding beliefs in the Philippines
ReplyDelete1. Dropping the ring, veil and arrhae means unhappiness.
Soon-to-be couples should take note of this! Be sure that the person who is in-charge of bringing the ring, veil and arrhae (coins) will be extra careful or else you’ll end up having unhappy marriage life
2. Siblings can’t marry in the same year.
Filipinos called this as “Sukob” wherein siblings who marry within the same year is a bad luck. They say that both of them will experience a misfortune life.
3. Brides should not wear pearls.
Pearls are the tears of oyster. That is why; people believed that the bride who wears pearls will experience a lot of heartaches and tears during their marriage life
4. The bride should not wear the wedding gown before the wedding day itself.
Checking the fit of your final gown before your wedding day is a big no no! It is because your wedding might not push through.
5. Soon-to-be couples should not meet before the wedding.
Elders believed that the soon-to-be couples should not meet the day before their wedding or else it will not push through
#mardina muallam
#Grade12 gallantry
#02-07-19
#gas
5 INDIGENOUS BELIEFS
ReplyDelete1. The earth is sacred, and so is everything which lives in or upon it. This precludes unthinking killing, destruction, or waste. When life must be taken–to nourish yourself, for instance–you do it with gratitude and in a spirit of mindfulness.
2. Everything is alive and has spirit. There is no such thing as an inanimate object: rocks and trees, no less than animals or humans, are alive and are the keepers of wisdom and information that wants to be communicated to humans.
3. Everything is related. We are all connected inextricably to all there is.
4. It is vital to connect with others through group ritual. Bonding with others through shared ritual experience is a celebration of the great All. This feeling of deep belonging and interrelationship is quite different from the cultural disconnectedness from which we are currently suffering.
5. You can experience Spirit directly and with joy. The ecstatic experience is a human birthright, making numinous communion with Spirit a joyous possibility.
#Merry joan manding
#Grade-12 gallantry
The 5 beliefs in The Philippine
ReplyDelete1.The most definitive way of showing respect to our elders,(PAGMAMANO) involves a youngster asking for the hand of an elderly person and then kissing or placing his/her forehead on the back of the hand. In return, the elderly person will “bless” the youngster.
2. Saying “tao, tao po” while knocking at someone’s door is more than just asking if there’s someone in the house. It’s a common custom for Filipinos to say “tao po” when knocking at someone else’s door. While it literally means asking if someone’s inside the house, elders also believe that this is one way of introducing yourself as human and not some supernatural creature such as dwarves, fairies, or encantos who can’t do humanspeak.
3. Sweeping the floor at night will bring you bad luck. Why? Because it means sweeping away wealth in the house, as well as, causing the centipedes crawling on the ceiling to fall down and swarm on you.
4.Bringing home food served at a wake or a funeral will bring bad luck. There are superstitions aplenty involving the dead – the dearly departed whose souls/spirits are said to still be roaming around for 40 days after death. Therefore, hoarding food served at a wake and bringing them home is tantamount to inviting bad luck into your own home.
5.Spiritually
Although we Filipinos are a very spiritual people, modern times have greatly limited our time for spirituality. Masses and services are treated like a cinema, where audiences come and go inside as they please. We pried at the different celebration
Because as a filipino (na kasanayan).
#princess RHYA ALBOR
12 gallantry
1. Fitting your wedding dress prior to your wedding day will cost you your life. In the Philippines, a bride is strictly prohibited to fit her wedding gown prior to the actual day itself. Yes, this is a common belief also in many other countries, but in the Philippines, they believe that doing the said fitting will cost the bride’s life. This may be in the form of an accident, or any other unfortunate event that will take place before the wedding day. While we’re not entirely sure about the roots of this superstitious belief, it is believed to have been brought by the Spaniards during the colonization period. To this day, a lot of future brides still follow this belief. After all, it’s better to be safe than sorry!
ReplyDelete2. When someone sees you and you appear to be headless, it means you’re about to die. Another popular superstition in the Philippines is when someone says that he/she cannot see your head/face, it means that you are going to die. Soon. Same belief applies with photographs in which your face or head appears to be missing (darkened/blurred/shaded for example). However, you can still change the course of your “fate” by taking off the clothes you’re currently wearing and burying them on the ground as soon as possible. Like the wedding dress superstition, the source of this belief still has to be found, but it grew to immense popularity especially in the 1980s and early 1990s when it became the subjects of Pinoy movies with plots revolving around grisly murders that were based on real-life crime stories
3. Saying “tao, tao po” while knocking at someone’s door is more than just asking if there’s someone in the house. It’s a common custom for Filipinos to say “tao po” when knocking at someone else’s door. While it literally means asking if someone’s inside the house, elders also believe that this is one way of introducing yourself as human and not some supernatural creature such as dwarves, fairies, or encantos who can’t do humanspeak.
4. When three people pose for a picture, the one at the center will be the first to die. Yup, one more reason to avoid being a third wheel, eh?
5. Sweeping the floor at night will bring you bad luck. Why? Because it means sweeping away wealth in the house, as well as, causing the centipedes crawling on the ceiling to fall down and swarm on you.
# jesa etom
#02-07-19
#5:25PM
#ABM
1.Creator gods in Filipino religions
ReplyDeleteMany indigenous Filipino cultures assert the existence of a high god, creator god, or sky god. Among the Tagalogs, the supreme god was known as Bathala, who was additionally described as Maykapal (the all-powerful) or Lumikha (the creator). Among the Visayan peoples the creator God is referred to as Laon, meaning "the ancient one." Among the Manuvu, the highest god was called Manama. Among most of the Cordilleran peoples (with the Apayao region as an exception), the creator and supreme teacher is known as Kabuniyan.
In most cases, however, these gods were considered such great beings that they were too distant for ordinary people to approach.People thus tended to pay more attention to "lesser gods" or "assistant deities" who could more easily approached, and whose wills could more easily be influenced.
2."Lower gods" in Filipino religions
Lesser deities in Filipino religions generally fit into three broad categories: nature spirits residing in the environment, such as a mountain or a tree; guardian spirits in charge of specific aspects of daily life such as hunting or fishing; and deified ancestors or tribal heroes. These categories frequently overlap, with individual deities falling into two or more categories, and in some instances, deities evolve from one role to another, as when a tribal hero known for fishing becomes a guardian spirit associated with hunting.
3.Gabâ or gabaa, for the people in many parts of the Philippines particularly among Visayans, is the concept of a non-human and non-divine, imminent retribution. A sort of negative karma, it is generally seen as an evil effect on a person because of their wrongdoings or transgressions. The word has later been recycled for translating "divine retribution" or "divine fury" in the translations of the Bible to many local dialects in the Philippines. It is also translated as nemesis. The opposite of "Gaba" is Grasya, literally Grace in Spanish, which pertains to blessings from the Heavens.
4.Kulam or "Pagkukulam" is a form of folk magic, specifically natural magic, practiced in the Philippines. It puts emphasis on the innate power of the self and a secret knowledge of Magica Baja or low magic. Earth (soil), fire, herbs, spices, candles, oils and kitchenwares and utensils are often used for rituals, charms, spells and potions.
5.Philippine mythology is a body of myths, tales, and superstitions held by the Filipinos, mostly originating from beliefs held during the pre-Hispanic era. Some of these beliefs stem from pre-Christian religion that was specially influenced by Hinduism and were regarded by the Spanish as “myths” and “superstitions” in an effort to de-legitimize precolonial beliefs by replacing those native beliefs with colonial Catholic Christian myths and superstitions. Today, some of these precolonial beliefs are still held by Filipinos, especially in the provinces.
Philippine mythology is incorporated from various sources, having similarities with Indonesian and Malay myths, as well as Christian traditions, such as the notion of Heaven (kaluwalhatian, kalangitan, kamurawayan), Hell (impiyerno, kasamaan), and the human soul (kaluluwa, kaulolan). Philippine mythology attempts to explain the nature of the world through the lives and actions of gods, goddesses, heroes, and mythological creatures. The majority of these myths were passed on through oral tradition.
#Joey Canag
12 Availability
1.The veneration of the dead, including one's ancestors, is based on love and respect for the deceased. In some cultures, it is related to beliefs that the dead have a continued existence, and may possess the ability to influence the fortune of the living. Some groups venerate their direct, familial ancestors. Certain sects and religions, in particular the Roman Catholic Church, venerate saints as intercessors with God, as well as pray for departed souls in Purgatory.
ReplyDeleteIn Europe, Asia, and Oceania, and in some African and Afro-diasporic cultures, the goal of ancestor veneration is to ensure the ancestors' continued well-being and positive disposition towards the living, and sometimes to ask for special favours or assistance.
2.The Mambabarang is the Filipino version of a sorcerer/sorceress; the warlock/witch is a Mamalarang (e.g. Mamalarang Vonna Rizza Decano). The name is derived from the word barang. Other synonymous terms include the Hiligaynon word manog hiwit, which is also synonymous to kulam. The verb barangon or hiwitan means "to place a hex"; a curse in Tagalog is a sumpa.
In legends the mambabarang keeps his swarm of carnivorous beetles in a bottle or a section of bamboo, carefully feeding them ginger root. When the practitioner decides to employ his dark art, he performs a prayer ritual wherein he whispers instructions and identifies the victim to the beetles. The destructive insects are then set free and to seek out the victim and gain entry into the body via any bodily orifice: the nose, mouth, ears, anus or dermal breaks such as open sores/wounds. The victim will then feel the effects of the invasion of the insects through manifestations depending on the area of entry; hemorrhoids if through the anus, ear ache if through the ears and other similar cases. The resulting illness is supposedly resistant to conventional medical treatment and only reveals its true nature when the victim succumbs and flying insects issue forth from bodily cavities. In reality, it is possible a carnivorous beetle could lay eggs in someone it killed, and the eggs would then hatch post-mortem.
3.In Philippine mythology, a diwata (derived from Sanskrit devata देवता; [1] encantada in Spanish) is a type of deity or spirit. The term "diwata" has taken on levels of meaning since its assimilation into the mythology of the pre-colonial Filipinos. The term is traditionally used in the Visayas, Palawan, and Mindanao regions, while the term anito is used in Luzon regions. Both terms are used in Bicol, Marinduque, Romblon, and Mindoro, signifying a 'buffer zone' area for the two terms.
When the Spanish conquered the Philippines the commonly used meaning of the term reduced from goddess to dryad-like spirit which was considered benevolent or neutral. These spirits were invoked ritually for positive crop growth, health, and fortune; however, they were also considered to be able to incur illness or misfortune if not given proper respect.
4.Folk Christianity is defined differently by various scholars. Definitions include "the Christianity practiced by a conquered people", Christianity as most people live it – a term used to "overcome the division of beliefs into Orthodox and unorthodox", Christianity as impacted by superstition as practiced by certain geographical Christian groups, and Christianity defined "in cultural terms without reference to the theologies and histories.
5.Pagtatawas is a divination ritual in pseudomedicine in Filipino Psychology (but considered superstition in Western psychology). It attempts to diagnose an affliction or psychological disorder by interpreting shapes produced in water by heated alum or molten wax droppings from a burning candle. It is thus a form of both carromancy and oryctomancy.
#CARL ANGELO CAPRICHO
12 AVAILABILITY
Filipinos are very superstitious people; especially the old people.Â
ReplyDeleteMany Filipinos still cling to the traditional practices, beliefs and traditions. They are still strongly rooted to the superstitious beliefs that they believe could help them deal with day to day occurrences and events.
This trait was influenced by the Hindus who have been part of the past colonization of the Philippines.
Despite the computer age that has changed the lifestyles of most Filipinos, many Filipinos still spice their life with superstitious beliefs that they strongly believe could help them cope with day to day activities especially the most important events in life such as marriage, finding a job and moving to a new house.
1. A black cat crossing your path means bad luck.
Many people in the Philippines believe that when a cat crosses their path they should go back to their house and postpone their plan or errand for the day because pushing with the plan may produce bad results. To some, the black cat means a warning that something dangerous maybe waiting to happen. In order to be safe, people prefer to stay at home first.
2.The bride should never try on the wedding dress.
It is believed that if the bride tries on the wedding dress before the wedding takes place, the wedding will not pursue or something negative will occur.
3. Combing hair at night means you are inviting the early death of your parents.
The old people forbid combing hair at night because of the belief.
4. Black ants inside the house means good luck.
When black ants are parading inside the house, you should be happy because it means that there is something good brewing. It could mean money coming or a job promotion.
5. A child becomes smarter if you trim his hair when he is exactly one year old then insert his cut hair between books.
According to beliefs of some Filipinos; children are supposed to have their hair trimmed only if they are already one year old. Some strongly forbid trimming the kids hair if they are not yet one year old. According to some, it is best if you trim the child's hair and insert the cut hair in books.
These are only superstitious beliefs but many Filipinos make these beliefs part of their day to day life. Whether they are advantageous or disadvantageous depends on how the person involved sees the situation. The modern age has made many Filipinos changed their lifestyle including the traditions. Most of the younger generations do not anymore believe in superstitious beliefs.
# Charibel P. Jumao-as
#12 Gallantry
#February 07 2019
#7:20 pm
5 Indigenous beliefs
ReplyDelete1. It is believed that it is not good to sing in front of the fire or while you are cooking because it is said that you may marry a widow. This belief originally believed by the cebuanos or visayan all around the country of the Philippines.
2. It is believed that it is not good for a girl to pass through the window because she may end up running away from home with her lover without permission. This belief was heard all over the provinces of the Philippines.
3. It is believed that you have to say "Tabi Po" whenever you saw or pass through a "Punso" and never touch or made fun of it or else the "Nuno" will punish you. This belief came long ago from the remote areas of the Philippines.
4. It is believed that you have to "Pag-pag" whenever you came from a burial before going home so that the soul or ghost of the dead will not follow you home. Many Filipinos practice this belief even until this generation.
5. Many Filipinos believe in the spirits or "diwata" just like "Maria Makiling" from mount Makiling. She is believed to fall in love with a mortal but the mortal abused her kindness that is why she became furious and cursed the mortal and she was never found again. Until now people believed that she is still living in Mt.Makiling until now.
#Claudine T. Zamora
#12-GAS
#February 7,2019 8:31 PM
FIVE INDIGENOUS BELIEF IN THE PHILIPPINES
ReplyDelete1. CHICKEN'S BLOOD
Must paint or splash some blood from chickens on every pillar of a newly erected dwelling. This was to serve the spirits living in an area so that they wouldn't harm any of the new occupants. In return, the spirits would make the structure more durable.
In the latest 1960s to early 1970s, there was a myth a lot of children had been lost and were never found. It was then associated with the rumor that there had been abducted and killed for their blood.
2. THE THREE- STEP SERIES(ORO, PLATA, MATA)
When creating a staircase from the bottom to the top , most steps should not be divisible by 3. Oro, Plata, and Mata which stands for gold, silver, and death. However, literally translated "mata" is also the Spanish word for kill.
Therefore the total step should fall to gold or silver to bring wealth. There is no known purpose for this superstition as some have just pointed out that evil spirits like to do the 'eenie meenie miney moo' for their victims.
3. DEADLY CRAVINGS
When a pregnant woman craves a certain sweet fruit or touches a certain plant, the tree will soon bear sour fruit and the plant craved or touched may wither and die.
4. FUNERAL TAKEOUTS
Bringing home food from a wake or a funeral is a bad thing. The food offered during wakes and funerals is served as a means of thanking visitors. However, that visitor is not only you, there will be others coming so as a sign of consideration only take what you can consume.
In addition, it is also believed that hoarding food served at a wake and bring them home in tantamount to inviting bad luck into your own home.
5. TABI- TABI PO
Say 'tabi- tabi po' when you pass by a mound or tiny hills or even peeing in the woods. Mounds and tiny hills are believed to be the homes of tiny people or dwarves. Passing by their territories is disrespectful and might cause them to curse you. Another version is that since you can't see them, you might accidentally step on them. Saying tabi- tabi po warns them that you are coming towards their direction, these is the same when peeing or walking in the woods. You might accidentally pee or step on them and if it happens the offender would likely be punished.
#Castillo_Loremie
#12_Availability
Many Filipinos are superstitious. No matter how young and modern you are, your superstitious blood still flows in your veins. Growing up in a family with so many mythical beliefs is grueling. Maraming bawal! Sometimes you get surprised because lola will scold you for doing something you didn’t know was wrong. Can you still remember the common Filipino superstitions? You may find a few of them here in our list of funniest and most useless native beliefs.
ReplyDelete1. Sweeping the floor at night will drive away incoming blessings.
One of the popular Filipino superstitions our lolo and lola tell us is not to sweep the floor at night—no matter how dugyot it is because it’s malas. Our ancestors may have forgotten that having allergies, cold, and dirty feet we can get from dirt and dust aren’t blessings.
2. Singing while cooking will make you single for the rest of your life. However, a few says you’d end up with a much older spouse.
To all single ladies and gents, DON’T YOU DARE sing while cooking, lest you’ll never find your fated love or you’d marry someone way older. At least, those are what our mapamahiing grandparents say. Come on, can we not associate singlehood with everything that happens within the household?
3. Groupfie of 3? The person in the middle will be the first to die.
One of the most common Filipino superstitions used to scare teenagers in the ‘90s. Aminin mo, once in your life you included an “extra friend” in the groupfie, so none among the three of you will die. “Apat dapat,” ika nga.
4. Combing your hair at night will bring bad luck.
‘Yung totoo, what’s wrong with being clean and hygienic at night? Is it still good luck when you wake up with your hair so tangled pwede nang pamugaran ng ibon? On a positive note, it lets you do almost nothing at night. Huwag nang maglinis o magsuklay, derechong tulog na. The dirt and the kuto can wait in the morning.
5. To keep skin acne-free, girls should wash their face with the discharge from their very FIRST MENSTRUAL PERIOD.
Do you still remember when your family rejoiced after you told them you had your first period? “Yes, may dalaga na kami!” It may be appalling, too, to hear your lola say, “O siya, ipahid mo na ‘yan sa mukha mo para hindi ka tigyawatin!” Thank you, but no thank you po.
#mardysumundong
#12availability
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ReplyDelete1.Slippers in
ReplyDeleteThe Belief: Leaving your slippers outside the house will bring bad luck.
This belief may have something to do with the Waway scare. Waway is the nickname of a serial rapist and murderer from Danao that is believed to be an evil shapeshifter with supernatural powers. According to stories, Waway would roam around and spit on the slippers of his next target. He would later return (usually in the middle of the night) to finish the job.
Scary, right? Authorities have reassured the public that Waway is in fact an ordinary human being with zero super powers. But still, it's better to be safe than sorry. Wouldn't you say?
2. Wet and crazy
The Belief: Going to sleep with wet hair will make you go crazy.
Variations: Sleeping with wet hair will make your hair fall out or turn gray.
If your folks insist that you dry your hair before going to bed, please, just do it. You may not go crazy or your hair may not fall out, but isn't sleeping with wet hair annoying? Imagine waking up in the middle of the night with your face resting on a wet pillow. Not good.
3. "Simbako"
Knock on head
The Belief: Doing the "simbako" prevents any untoward incident from happening.
Simbako is a local variation of knocking on wood. To prevent something horrible from happening to you or your family, you simply tap on a piece of wood while uttering the word "simbako." If you can't find wood anywhere, you may knock on your head instead.
4. Night clipper
The Belief: Clipping your nails at night is tantamount to cursing your family members.
Clipping your nails in the evening is like wishing ill on members of your family. And it's not just any simple misfortune we're talking about here. We're talking about horrible accidents and maybe even death. My grandparents were very strict about this one. Before the clock strikes 6, the clipper should already be safely tucked away.
5. The fishbone dilemma
Cat scratch
The Belief: Letting a cat gently scratch your throat will remove the lodged fishbone.
Variation: Turning your plate clockwise will miraculously remove the bone lodged down your throat.
So you're enjoying your seafood dinner and all of a sudden, you feel that a piece of fishbone is stuck in your throat. Worry not, for the solution is pretty simple. If you can find a cat nearby, that is. Also, be sure that the cat is fine about this whole thing. Otherwise, you'll end up with serious scratches around your neck.
#Surban, Shila Mae J.
#Grade12 Ingenuity
1.Clipping nails when family members are traveling
ReplyDeleteThe Belief: Clipping your nails when a family member is traveling will put that family member in harm's way.
It may be impossible to find a connection between clipping nails and traveling but this belief may be related to item number 4. If your parents are on a week-long vacation in Manila, for example, it is best that you delay all plans for nail grooming until they return. You know, just to be sure.
2.The smart solution
Nail clippings
The Belief: Putting your nail clippings in between the pages of a book will make you smart.
Nails are just really, really powerful. They can both bring you bad luck and give you the smarts by simply being cut. Yes, cutting nails can make you smart. Simply place your nail clippings in between the pages of a book; et voila, you're smart! This may seem highly improbable. But, if you're really desperate, I guess there's no harm in trying.
3.Rodents can hear you
The Belief: Rats are very smart. They will know if you are talking about them.
My grandparents believe that rodents are very smart. And that if you badmouth them, they will get back at you with a vengeance. But, of course, there's always a way to skirt around this dilemma and prevent the pests from knowing everything. If you really feel the need to talk about them, for example, instead of saying ilaga, you may say ar-ey-tee (RAT), instead.
4. Water on the spot
Water dipper
The Belief: Pouring water on the spot where an accident occurred will prevent serious injuries on the victim.
The concept is pretty simple: If someone (say, a kid) accidentally slips and hits his head on the floor, the best way to ensure that nothing horrible happens to the kid is to pour water on that same exact spot where the person fell or slipped. Of course, a quick dash to the doctor is essential, too. But my grandma always believed that pouring water on the ground prevents serious injuries and other complications.
5. Tabi
The Belief: Make sure you don't disturb elementals and other mythical beings by saying "tabi out loud.
My grandpa often told me horrible stories of disrespectful mortals who roused the ire of the dili ingon nato simply because they didn't say "tabi." The idea is that you say tabi or excuse me, so the unseen beings in front of you will move out of the way and allow you safe passage. As a result, you do not end up hurting them or destroying their homes or properties.
#Jimenez, Clinton L.
#Grade 12 Ingenuity
There are so many beliefs we have as a Pilipino people that we practice from the passed until now in the present.
ReplyDelete1.do not having a mirror at night-because it means that it is not good and it has a bad luck comes in in your life.
2.do not cut your hair at night time-it has also a bad things that come to your self if you cut your hair at night.
3.being hospitable one-it is not just helping others, but people says it has a good things that comes to you if there are other people come to your home.And the blessings come too fast in to you..
4.before eating first is to pray-some people are having this practice but some are not,praying is very important because it says if you pray blessings will come and all what you ask and needed.
5.do not buy salt at night-the old Pilipino people says that if u buy salt at night you should say u buy sea because if u say salt they will not give you cause they believe that it has a bad luck to the store.
Juvan Corpin
Delete12 gallantry
there so many beliefs that Pilipino have that being practice from the passed until now in the present and other beliefs are gone because of the new generation and technologies.
ReplyDeleteexample of filipino beliefs...
1.clipping nails at night-it has a bad luck to your self if you are clipping nails at night.
2.katutubo dance-other people believe that when katutubo people are dancing they are giving thanks to their god.
3.buying salt at night-according to some people when you buy salt you should say u buy sea so that the store cannot get the bad luck that you brought.
4.have a cup inside the house-because other says that your hair will never grow again.
5.being kind to others-as what we can see that bieng kind is being practice until today because this is one of having some respect to others.
jaymart mangubat
12 Gallantry
There's a lot of indigenous belief all of my examples is came from our ancestors
ReplyDelete1. Cutting nails in night, some told me that cutting nails in night is bad because it brings bad luck to your life.
2. Making noise in night. My grandma told me that If you make a noise in night is not good because you disturb the other elemental and mythical beings
3.They said buying salt at night is not good to the owner of salt because they it brings bankruptcy to your business
4.Swipping floor in night is not good because they said the blessing of God at night is in the dust.
5. They said if you cutting your hair when you are child it makes the child smart, and genius☺
#Accountancy Business and Management(ABM)
#Daiseree Divinagracia
5 Indigenous Filipino Beliefs
ReplyDeleteMostly for us filipinos we had different beliefs that we carry until now. We had many beliefs that came from our forefathers then past to different generation of family line. And this is some examples of those beliefs:
1. ITCHY PALMS
Most family believed that if your palms become itchy it means money is coming your way.
2. PAGPAG
After a funeral one cannot go home immediately one must first do what we call “pagpag”. You can go somewhere or stop by somewhere first before heading back home because old people believed that if you go home right away after the funeral a ghost will follow you.
3. WATCH WHERE YOUR POINTING
If you might venture to new places or go in the province you must always remember to watch where you are pointing. You cannot just point at a tree or a mound or a landmark because our lola and lolo’s believed that there where spirits and it might get angry if you point at there house. Commonly that’s why filipinos point with their lips and we say tabi tabi po so that we will not upset any elements.
4. TOOTHLESS DREAM
It is believed that if you will have a dream that one of your teeth falls out it is a sign that someone close to you or a family member will die.
5. SPOON AND FORK THEORY
Most believed that if you are eating and a spoon or a fork falls to the ground unintentionally a visitor is coming your way.
Probably some believed in this too and some just forgot about them but we must always remember that this beliefs are a gift from our forefathers this is served us a memory from them a reminder that eventhough how many generations will past we must still continue to tell our younger ones the beauty of the past and the legends that makes us who we are today.
#PROSPERO_ROVELICH
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Indigenous Filipino Beliefs/Practices
ReplyDelete1. Fitting your wedding dress prior to your wedding day will cost you your life.
They believe that doing the said fitting will cost the bride’s life. This may be in the form of an accident, or any other unfortunate event that will take place before the wedding day. While we’re not entirely sure about the roots of this superstitious belief, it is believed to have been brought by the Spaniards during the colonization period.
2. When a woman sings while cooking, she will end up a spinster.
It sounds funny and highly improbable, but this superstitious belief actually had a pretty strong hold on women, especially during the Spanish era. Mothers usually remind their grownup daughters not to sing while cooking meals, otherwise they won’t be able to marry.
3. Taking pictures with your boyfriend or girlfriend means engagement will be broken.
If you want to marry your boyfriend or girlfriend then avoid taking pictures with him or her. In some instances, young men and women who are just playing around with their girlfriend or boyfriend would invite their sweetheart to take pictures with them in the hope that their relationship will end. Some surprisingly achieve their wish but others end up marching to the altar.
4. Before moving to a new house; you should bring the following to the house first: salt, rice, water and a religious image.
According to Filipino beliefs, these things will help bring positive energy to the house which will help the occupants become successful.
5. You should not sit on a pillow because it will mean slow recovery from an illness.
According to beliefs, a person who sits on his pillow will undergo a slow recovery process when he gets sick.
#Paglinawan_Nizell
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Indigenous Beliefs in the Philippines
ReplyDelete1.The Practice of Animism -is the religious belief that objects, places and creatures all possess a distinct spiritual essence.
2.The Higaunon People of Northern Mindanao -Most Higauno still have a rather traditional way of living. The belief in the power of the spirit of ancestor and in the influence of more than one God, is strongly rooted in the hearts and minds of many Higaunon.
3.Philippine Mythology -The prevalence of belief in the figures of Philippines mythology is strong in the province.
4. Folk Christianity -practiced by a conquered people, Christianity as most people live it a term used to overcome the division of beliefs into orthodox and unorthodox, Christianity as impacted by superstition as practiced by certain geographical Christian groups, and Christianity defined in cultural terms without reference to the theologies and hostories.
5. Folk Medicine -comprises the medical aspects of traditional knowledge that developed over generations within various societies before the era of modern medicine.
#ILA MARIE MARATA MAGOG
#ABM
Indigenous beliefs
ReplyDelete1.Hide and seek in evening is not good-Because in indigenous beliefs once you are playing this kind of game in evening it has a tendency that the ghost behind your back will be playing you also.
2 Once may namatay SA pamilya mo di pwedeng kakain ng kumakatay na pagkain,katulad ng (Kalabasa,kangkong,alugbati,upon)at kung iba pa. Dahil may possible na kakatay din ang mamatay SA pamilya ng may namatay.
3.Pagpag-Kapag may namatay you have to follow the right indeed about pagpag ,para di ka sundan ng kaluluwa
4.Cutting nails during night-Some says that this is a bad doings ,because it can gave us bad problems that we've encounter.
5.Singing while cooking-My mom told me ,that once I'm cooking I will not sing,because soon (makaka asawa man ako,Pero SA taong matandang matanda pa saakin) kung ayaw ko daw ng magkaasawang matanda. Better stop singing while cooking.😊😇
#Lovella Decilao
#Gas
INDIGENOUS FILIPINO
ReplyDeletePRACTICES:
1.PUK-POK
-KNown as traditional circumcision "PUK- POK" is seen as a coming a age ritual for a boys and is mostly done in many rural area's across the Philippine.
Because many hiatoricans believed the practice of circumcision from the Spaniards others hold that it was the Early muslim settlers who introduced it.
2."KUT-KOT"
-in a Land filled with a many quirly rituals for the dead; hanunuo mangyans provably Have strangers of them all.
Located in the island of Mindanao; the tribes still observe the practice of "KUT-KOT" where they literally dig up the remains of a love once a year after his or her death and does it up in clothes.
3."TATTO"
-we already know how pre- Spanish people especially those in a visayan. Use to practice the art of indigenous tattoing so prevalently that they were culled "peNTADOS" Spanish due to having Large amount off tattoos on their bodies.
Because it is tradition tattooing consists of picking the skin with a shape red stell or wooden sticks deppes in wet char coal.
4."PAG-AANITO" OFFERING " or "ACT OF WORSHIP"
-because of the limitations of languages and of personal religions biases Spanish chronicles often recorded different interpretation of tagalog word relating to worship.
5."TAGALOG SOUL"
-people traditionally believed in two form of the soul.
First is know as the kakambal (twins)
Which is the soul of the living Evey time a person sleep the kakambal may travel to mundane and supernatural place sometimes leads to nightmares if tiriblle event is encountered while the kakambal is TRAVELING.
#ANNAMIE TAÑEZ CAÑETE
#ACCOUNTANCY AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
1.BABAYLAN
ReplyDeleteThey were believed to have spirit guide. There were also various subtypes of Babaylan specializing in the arts of healing and herbalism,divination,and sorcery,most Babaylan inherited their status from an older Babaylan they were voluntarily apprenticed to usually a relative.
2.DIWATA
A type of deity or spirit.Although there are numerous and varied accounts as to what they should look like, a general trend may be observed in that they are normally human in appearance.The inhabitants of precolonial Philippines worshiped Diwata and believe them to be deities created by the one true God to help administer his creation.Diwata applies to both male and female.
3.ANITO
Refer to ancestor spirit,Nature spirits,and deities in the indigenous animistic religion of precolonial Philippines.It also refer to carved humanoid figure,the Taotao,made of wood stone,or ivory,that represent these spirits.They believe that everything has as spirit,from rocks and trees to animals this are collectively known as anito.
4.MOUNT MAKILING
The volcano has no recorded historic eruption but volcanism is still evident through geothermal features like mud spring and hot springs,South of the mountain is the Makiling.The mountain is sacred to many pilgrims and is widely believed to be the home of an anito name Maria MAKILING,Maria Makiling was protector and guardian of mount Makiling. In some account,Maria Makiling ,while serving as an anito of Bahala in Mount Makiling was heartbroken by a mortal ma and thus chose to remain hidden from mortal.
5.BATHALA
According to the indigenous religious belief of the tagalog people ,Bahala is the almighty deity who created the universe. The tagalog recognized a creator God they called Bahala.Bathala was a great Lord,and no one could speak to him directly because he lives in heaven.
some indigenous belief;
ReplyDelete1. BUYING SALT at night is not good to the owner of salt that you can buy because they can bring a bankruptcy.
2. CUTTING NAILS at night is not good to do because according to the ancestors when you are cutting nails night it means you ant to die your parents.
3. BORROWING RICE AT NIGHT it is not good to do.
4. SLEEPING WHEN YOUR HAIR IS WET AND IT PONYTAIL it is not good also cause it can cause a early white hair.
5. CHANGING TABLE WHILE EATING it is bad also because according to the ancestors when you are marriage you also have a different girls you ae not honest to love only one.
CarlupeOmelig26
Gallantry
ReplyDeleteINDIGENOUS BELIEF OF FILIPINO
1.Tagalog soul[edit]
The Tagalog people traditionally believe in the two forms of the soul. The first is known as the kakambal (literally means twin), which is the soul of the living. Every time a person sleeps, the kakambal may travel to many mundane and supernatural places which sometimes leads to nightmares if a terrible event is encountered while the kakambal is travelling. When a person dies, the kakambal is ultimately transformed into the second form of the Tagalog soul, which is the kaluluwa (literally means spirit). In traditional Tagalog religion, the kaluluwa then travels to either Kasanaan (if the person was evil when he was living) or Maca (if the person was good when he was living). Both domains are ruled by Bathala, though Kasanaan is also ruled by the deity of souls.
2.Dream beliefs[edit]
The Tagalog people traditionally believe that when a person sleeps, he may or may not dream the omens of Bathala. The omens are either hazy illusions within a dream, the appearance of an omen creature such as tigmamanukan, or sightings from the future. The dream omens do not leave traces on what a person must do to prevent or let the dream come true as it is up to the person to make the proper actions to prevent or make the dream come true. The omen dreams are only warnings and possibilities 'drafted by Bathala'.
3.Traditional burial practices[edit]
The Tagalog people had numerous burial practices prior to Spanish colonization and Catholic introduction. In rural areas of Cavite, trees are used as burial places. The dying person chooses the tree beforehand, thus when he or she becomes terminally ill or is evidently going to die because old age, a hut is built close to the said tree. The deceased's corpse is then entombed vertically inside the hollowed-out tree trunk. Before colonization, a statue known as likha is also entombed with the dead inside the tree trunk. In Mulanay, Quezon and nearby areas, the dead are entombed inside limestone sarcophagi along with a likha statue. However, the practice vanished in the 16th century due to Spanish colonization. In Calatagan, Batangas and nearby areas, the dead are buried under the earth along with likha statues. The statues, measuring 6-12 inches, are personified depictions of anitos.
4.When someone sees you and you appear to be headless, it means you’re about to die. Another popular superstition in the Philippines is when someone says that he/she cannot see your head/face, it means that you are going to die. Soon. Same belief applies with photographs in which your face or head appears to be missing (darkened/blurred/shaded for example). However, you can still change the course of your “fate” by taking off the clothes you’re currently wearing and burying them on the ground as soon as possible. Like the wedding dress superstition, the source of this belief still has to be found, but it grew to immense popularity especially in the 1980s and early 1990s when it became the subjects of Pinoy movies with plots revolving around grisly murders that were based on real-life crime stories.
5. When a woman sings while cooking, she will end up a spinster. Yes, this sounds funny and highly improbable, but this superstitious belief actually had a pretty strong hold on women, especially during the Spanish era. Mothers usually remind their grownup daughters not to sing while cooking meals, otherwise they won’t be able to marry.
#fernando Ybañez
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ReplyDeleteThe 5 indigenous belief
ReplyDelete1 bathala -According to the indigenous religious beliefs of the Tagalog people, Bathala (sometimes spelled Batala) is the all-mighty deity who created the universe. A descriptive honorific is often attached to his name, describing him as the Bathalang Maylicha (Bathala the Creator; lit. "Actor of Creation") and as the Bathalang Maycapal (Bathala the Almighty; Actor of Power").
2 diwata -In Philippine mythology, a diwata ; encantada in Spanish) is a type of deity or spirit. The term "diwata" has taken on levels of meaning...aThe term is traditionAally used in the Visayas, Palawan, and Mindanao regions, while the term anito is used in Luzon regions. Both terms are used in Bicol, Marinduque, Romblon, and MindOro"diwata" is sometimes loosely used to refer to a generic type of beings, much like "elf" or "fairy," or very specific types.
3 Bringing home food served at a wake or a funeral will bring bad luck There are superstitions aplenty involving the dead – the dearly departed whose souls/spirits are said to still be roaming around for 40 days after death. Therefore, hoarding food served at a wake and bringing them home is tantamount to inviting bad luck into your own home.
4 Don’t go straight home after attending a wake
This superstition is called “pagpag” (the shaking off of dirt). In the context of a wake, it means going elsewhere after attending the wake before heading home to shake off the spirit of the deceased lest it follows you home.
5Siblings should not marry within the same year
This superstition is called “sukob” and advises against siblings marrying within the same year as it is said to divide the luck between the two marriages. Another type of sukob advises against marriages within the same year as the death of an immediate family member. Pushing to do so is considered bad luck.
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Category: Superstitions And Beliefs Hits: 159505
ReplyDelete1. If a person bites his tongue, it means somebody is thinking of him.
2. A girl with white spots on her fingernails is inconstant in love.
3. It is bad to sweep the floor at six o'clock in the evening for it means driving away good fortune and graces.
4. It is bad to sweep the floor when there are people playing cards or gambling because luck is being swept away.
5. One should not open an umbrella while inside a house; a centipede is likely to fall from the ceiling and he will be bitten by it.
#JashelJynDean
#12Availability
Philippines is truly rich in customs and traditions, these are some if the beliefs that we Filipinos still practiced:
ReplyDelete1. Pagmamano or honoring gesture, this is where the young people do put the hands of the eldest on their forehead as a sign of respect. This is originally from Filipinos since our Ancestors' time.
2. Weaeing polka dots during new year. This is to welcome another year with prosperity and fidelity to all the things that might happen in that particular year. This is came from Chinese culture.
3. Fiesta. This is indeed one of the most famous and enjoyable tradition that we especially christians still practice. This is were the Filipinos do honor their patrons through dancing,singing, and celebrating it. This is originally came from spaniards during their colonization.
4. 12- circled fruits. This is originally from China during their colinization here in our country. This happens during new year to have luck and fortune in wealth, health and love.
5. Dream meanings. It was believed thta dreams has their different meanings, this according to our ancestors that those dreams might have good luck or unfortune in your life. Up until now, we still believe on their meanings.
#DannaGraceJanaban
#12-GAS
The 5 indigenous beliefs
ReplyDelete1.The number of steps of staircases at home should not be divisible by three
a Filipino household with a staircase and begin chanting “Oro (gold), plata (silver), mata (death)”, taking one step up with each word. Most likely, upon reaching the top step, the chant will end with either oro or plata. This is because many Filipinos will go to great lengths to avoid ending in mata which denotes bad luck. The two preceding words on the other hand, obviously denote good fortune.
2.Turn your plate when someone leaves in the middle of a meal
When sitting at the dining table for a meal and someone gets up to leave before the rest of the group finishes, everybody left at the table should turn their plates to ensure safe travels for the person leaving. Another meal superstition (though more loosely believed) is that the table should not start being cleared while people are still eating.
3.Don’t go straight home after attending a wake
This superstition is called “pagpag” (the shaking off of dirt). In the context of a wake, it means going elsewhere after attending the wake before heading home to shake off the spirit of the deceased lest it follows you home.
4. Siblings should not marry within the same year
This superstition is called “sukob” and advises against siblings marrying within the same year as it is said to divide the luck between the two marriages. Another type of sukob advises against marriages within the same year as the death of an immediate family member. Pushing to do so is considered bad luck.
Another wedding-related superstition is that the bride should never try on her dress before the big day. This is said to bring bad luck and cause the cancellation of the union.
5.Reassure your host that you’re human
A very common line used by Filipinos when knocking on someone’s door is “Tao (person) po!“. Many assume it refers to the knocker calling out to ask if there are any people inside, when actually, it is said to stem from the knocker reassuring the people inside that s/he is a person and not a possibly harmful supernatural creature.
1. If sweethearts give each other gifts like shoes or slippers, their relationship will not last long.
ReplyDelete2. If a boy gives his sweetheart a necklace as a gift and the necklace is broken, it means that they are not meant for each other.
3. If the coffin of a dead person bumps against something during the funeral, someone will soon die.
13. If the coffin of a dead person is too big for his size, someone will also die soon.
4. In bringing the coffin down the house, the head should be the first so that the dead will have an easy journey to his destiny.
5. The dead in the coffin should face the rising sun upon interment so that his soul will not suffer very much.
5 INDIGENOUS AND RELIGIOUS BELIEFS IN PHILIPPINES
ReplyDelete1 Archeological and linguistic evidence
Indicates that these beliefs date back to the arrival of Austronesian people, although elements were later syncretistically adapted from Hinduism, Mahayana, Buddhism and Islam.
2 Cosmology
Pre- Hispanic Filipinos honored these spirits with rituals and feast days because these supernatural beings were considered able to preside over the whole gamut of life, including birth, sickness, death, courtship, marriage, planting and harvesting
3 Ancient Tagalog's initially believed that first deity of the sun and moon was Bathala, as he is a primordial deity and the deity of everything.
4. Pag-aanito "offering" or "act of worship"
The word " anito" is one of these words which had differing interpreters. Scott notes that missionaries eventually reinterpreted the word to mean "all idols" including the middle eastern gods mentioned in the bible, whenever they were include in their homilies.
5. The dream omens do not leave traces on what a person must do to prevent or let the dream come true as it is up to the person to make the proper actions to prevent or make the dream come true.
# JOAN P. TRUMATA
# 12 AVAILABILITY
FIVE INDIGENOUS BELIEF IN PHILIPPINES
ReplyDelete1.RESPECT FOR ELDERS
This is a core belief. We are not exactly pious when it comes to this rule, But there is a generally high level of respect for older people here.
2. A BLACK CAT CROSSING YOUR PATH MEANS BAD LUCK
Many people in the philippines believe that when a cat crosses their path they should go back to their house and postpone their plan or errand for the day because pushing with the plan may produce bad result or incident.
3.COMBING HAIR AT NIGHT MEANS YOU ARE INVITING THE EARLY DEATH OF YOUR PARENTS.
The old people forbid combing at night because of the belief.
4. YOU SHOULD NOT SIT ON A PILLOW BECAUSE IT WILL MEAN SLOW OF RECOVERY FROM AN ILLNESS.
According to beliefs, a person who sits on his pillow will undergo a slow recovery process when he gets sick.
5.THE BRIDE SHOULD NEVER TRY ON THE WEDDING DRESS.
It is believed that that if the bride tries on the wedding dress before the wedding takes place.The wedding will not pursue or something negative will occur.
#DARRYL DECHOSA
#GRADE-12 GALLANTRY
5 INDIGENOUS BELIEFS IN THE PHILIPPINES
ReplyDelete1.barang
this kind of beliefs that beliefs by subanin know a days it also beliefs by teenager specially you have a mistake that you do by other people they barang you.
2.diwata
this kind of beliefs that beliefs people living in the forest area specially in area many of trees or in the falls like falls of maria cristina falls in boundary road in Iligan city,LANAO DEL NORTE
3.Philippine mythology
this kind of beliefs is a body of myths,tales,superstitions held by the Filipino,mostly originating beliefs held during the pre-Hispanic era.this kind of beliefs by Christian religion and spanish.
today, some of these precolonial beliefs are still held by Filipino,Specially in the provinces.
4.AlbularyO
this kind of beliefs that beliefs by the Filipino specially in the Mountain area.Because the hospital is far away from there province they go to albularyo to apply medicine of there disease.
5.the bride should try on the wedding dress
it is believebd that if the bride tries on the wedding dress before wedding takes place.the wedding will not pursue or something negative will occur.
#COLIE SAMSON
#GRADE-12 GALLANTRY
FIVE DIFFERENT INDIGENOUS BELIEF IN PHILIPPINES
ReplyDelete1. BAHALA NA
Stand for a false sense of security, being passive when facing hardship, a lock of initiative and a fatalistic view of the future. Leaving matters as they are and allow time to takes its own path.
2. PAG-ANITO
Refers to a seance often accompanied by other ritual or celebration in which a shaman acts as medium to communicate direcly with the the spirit. When a nature spirit or deity is specifically involve the ritual is called pagdiwata.
3. BABAYLAN
An intermediary with the spirit world in pre-Spanish society this was often a woman though a were not uncommon.
4. SWEEPING THE FLOOR AT NIGHT WILL BRING YOU BAD LUCK.
Why? Because its means sweeping away wealth in the house as well as causing the centipedes crawling on the ceiling of fall down and swarm on you.
5.CROSSING PATHS WITH A BLACK CATS IS A BAD OMEN.
And the shirk catastrophe is to immediately go back to the house and postpone your plan errand for the day.
#REYMART BAYANG
#12 GALLANTRY
We, Filipinos are bound to have many belief practices that is still observed nowadays.Here are some of the examples:
ReplyDelete1. Fitting the bride's wedding dress will cost her life
-This practice is believed to have been brought by the Spaniards during the colonization period.
In the Philippines, a bride is strictly prohibited to fit er wedding dress in the fear that it would cost her life by any means of accident or any unfortunate events that would take place during the wedding day.
2.Friday the 13th: Bad Luck
-This belief has easily widespread that its origin remained unclear but believed to have come from Christian tradition related to the Last Supper where Judas is said to have sat at the 13th place of the table and Jesus was crucified on Friday.
The fear of Friday the 13th is called triskaidekaphobia.
It is still believed up until today where you could recognize usually in airplanes, they don't have 13th row and in buildings they skip 13th floors in elevator,instead pointed out from 12th to 14th floor.
3.666
-Hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia is the fear of number 666.
It is believed to had come from Christianity in which, accordingly, the number ha mentioned as being the representative of Satan in the Biblical book of Revelation.Until today, there still Filipinos who believed in this.
4.Black Cats
-Believed to be an omen of ba luck in Western Cultures.
When you've come to witnessed a black cat crossing the road means something unfortunate will happen to you, like accidents or death.
5.Rituals
-Many rituals are still observed in different part of the countries.
Examples, like Palina in Panay and Negros which is usually called Tu-ob in their Island.It is a process of ritual fumigation or the use of smoke or vapor for disinfection of insects or vermin.
#NHERHAIFA ABUBAKAR
#ABM
Like in any other country, Filipinos subscribe to their own set of superstition or Pamahiin inherited from ancestors. Sure,some of these may hAve been influenced by other countries and culture, but Pinoy also bring in their own flavour to the belief, making them more interesting or ridiculous-sounding, depending on how you look at it. Now there are hundreds, probably thousands, of superstitious beliefs out there, and these are only some of the more popular ones Filipinos grew up hearing and believing.
ReplyDelete1. If you're coming from a wake,take a detour if you must, just DON'T go home immediately. If you do, the dead will follow you home and it won't be a pretty sight.
2. When three people pose for a picture,the one at the center will be the first to die. Yup, one more reason to avoid being a third wheel,eh?
3. If a person bites his/her tongue, it means somebody is thinking of him/her.
4. If a pregnant woman sits on the stairs, she will have a difficult time in delivering her baby.
5. If the coffin of a dead person is too big for his size, someone will also die soon.
♡Maglangit Melanie M.♡
☆12 AVAILABILITY
5 DIFFERENT INDIGENOUS BELIEFS
ReplyDelete1.PALINA WHEN GIVING BIRTH
Palina or incense smoking is the act of burning leaves and roots of various plants to drive away evil spirits and to help the mother and child during the labor process. The incense may also help the mother to relax and to ease her pain.
2.Palina or paaso after visiting tombs
Palina When Giving Birth
When you visit a cemetery, it is ordinary to find a small, smoky fire in here and there. This is used by people for getting rid of bad spirits. Kids, in particular, are made to walk or jump over the smoke as a way of cleansing them from clingy spirits, which might bring about disease or bad luck. In addition, it is strongly discouraged to visit an old tomb (of a long-buried person) after burying a fresh corpse of someone else (first-time burial) as this brings bad fortune. It is best to visit some other time. However, it is okay to visit multiple old tombs in one day.
3.Restrictions for a non-baptized child
mid section view of a priest baptizing a baby boy
Mid section view of a priest baptizing a baby boy
A child who has not been baptized is prohibited from traveling very far or crossing the sea as they do not have protection from God. Parents are very protective of their children who have yet to be baptized, not even taking them out by nightfall because night is when most evil spirits bring havoc to people, especially cute babies. And during baptism, the child must be woken up because he or she will not fully receive God’s blessing if he or she stays asleep during the ceremony (pouring of the holy water).
4.Timing a child’s first haircut
Timing a Child’s First Hair Cut
Not cutting the hair of a child who has not celebrated his or her first birthday. When the child has had his or her haircut, the hair is wrapped in a cloth and then buried next to a banana tree. Because the banana trunk is watery and cold, the child will grow up cool-headed and not easily angered.
5.Sweeping the floor at night
Sweeping the Floor at Night
It is discouraged to sweep floors at night. But when sweeping is necessary, all the dirt must not be swept out of the house but kept inside by a corner or a bin. This is to prevent blessings and good fortune from getting out.
#MARICHOUBINARAO
ICT-INGENUITY
5 indigenous beliefs
ReplyDelete1.ABOUT PLANTING
It is believed that crops planted during low tide bear more fruit so farmers observe the movement of the tides before planting anything.
2.When the skies are filled with thousands stars, it is the best time to plant for it will bear plenty of fruits.
3..ABOUT COURTSHIP
When a star is close to the moon, it is believed that it is the proper time to court a lady. The man's proposal will readily be accepted.
4.ABOUT ILLNESS
When someone gets sick in the family, it is believed that the sick person is being punished by the fairies because of his carelessness or naughtiness. An herbolario is invited to perform the healing ceremony. The family kills or dresses a pig or two chickens on this occasion.
5.CEBUANOS PROVERBS
Wise saying serve as guides in one's daily activities. The Cebuanos have proverbs to share with us.
#kristineCelestial
Ict-ingenuity
5 Indigenous Beliefs
ReplyDelete1. Friday the 13th: Bad Luck
Many of us can’t help feeling a bit of trepidation when we realize another Friday the 13th is coming up.
A fear of the number 13 is one of the most common superstitions around; it’s so widespread that many tall apartment buildings and hotels simply omit labeling their 13th floor. And have you noticed that some airlines don’t have a 13th row?
One version of the origin of this superstition is that Judas Iscariot was the 13th guest at the Last Supper and Jesus was crucified on a Friday.
Put that together and you have one unlucky day of the year.
2. Itchy Palm: Good Luck
There are many variations on this superstition. But the idea of having an itchy palm generally refers to someone who is greedy or has an insatiable desire for money.
In Shakespeare’s “Julius Caesar,” Brutus says, “Let me tell you, Cassius, you yourself are much condemned to have an itching palm.”
Some believe that if the right palm itches you will meet someone new, while an itchy left palm means that money is coming.
Others say that an itchy right palm means money coming in and a left-handed itch foretells money going out.
The superstition warns you not to scratch your palm unless you want to counteract the effect. The only way to scratch it without stopping the effect is to use lucky wood or brass.
3. Walking Under a Ladder: Bad Luck
It’s common sense to avoid walking under an open ladder for fear of something falling on you, but there are superstitious reasons for avoiding ladders too.
The shape of an open ladder is a triangle, which signifies life in some mythologies.
When you walk through the triangle, it’s thought that you tempt the Fates. You also run the risk of awakening spirits that live within the triangle, including evil spirits who may not be happy with the disturbance.
If you do accidentally walk under a ladder, you can counteract the bad luck by placing your thumb between your index and middle fingers and holding it for at least 5 seconds, orcross the fingers of both hands while calling upon the sign of the cross to protect you from evil.
4. Breaking a Mirror: Bad Luck
Many superstitious people say breaking a mirror sets you up for 7 years of bad luck. That may be because 7 years is the time it takes to replace all the cells in your physical body.
In a more superstitious time, mirrors were thought to be reflections of the soul. So breaking a mirror was believed to be harmful to the soul.
To end the chain of bad luck, take the broken mirror outside and bury it in the moonlight.
5. Finding a Horseshoe: Good Luck
In many cultures, a horseshoe is the luckiest of all symbols, especially if you find one with the open end pointing toward you.
If you find one of these good-luck charms, pick it up with your right hand, spit on one end, make a wish and toss it over your left shoulder. Then leave it where it lands.
Or place a horseshoe over the entrance to your home with the open ends up. This allows the horseshoe to fill with good luck for everyone living there.
One superstitious belief says the number of nails left on an abandoned horseshoe reveal how many years of good luck are coming your way.
#IsraelDelaVega
#ICT-Ingenuity
1. Dili puwede mo biyahe ang KASLONON kay dali ra daw MADISGRASYA!.
ReplyDelete2. Kong MAG-DAMGO daw ka og BAHA; naa daw kay problema nga MOABOT!
3. Kung BULANON ting-gawas sa mga ASWANG, WAKWAK ug uban pang mga dautang ISPIRITO.
1. Dili puwede mo biyahe ang KASLONON kay dali ra daw MADISGRASYA!.
2. Kong MAG-DAMGO daw ka og BAHA; naa daw kay problema nga MOABOT!
3. Kung BULANON ting-gawas sa mga ASWANG, WAKWAK ug uban pang mga dautang ISPIRITO.
1. Dili puwede mo biyahe ang KASLONON kay dali ra daw MADISGRASYA!.
2. Kong MAG-DAMGO daw ka og BAHA; naa daw kay problema nga MOABOT!
3. Kung BULANON ting-gawas sa mga ASWANG, WAKWAK ug uban pang mga dautang ISPIRITO.
4.Dili pwde matulog nga basa ang buhok kay ma halap daw ka
5. kung mag damgo na na bungi paak daw dayon ug kahoy.. kai naa nya mamatay
Rochell Laboniete
Ingenuity
ict
1.d pwede manilhig/manglimpyo basta gabie na.. kay naa daw mamatay sa family.
ReplyDelete2.ibutang ang libro nga imong gi tun-an ilalom sa unlan kung matulog na ka = para daw mahinumduman nimo tanan
3.kanang mu ingon ug "buyag", "simba ko" daun dungan ug tuktuk sa bisan unsay ma tuktukan = pra daw dili ma hitabo sa iya
4.dili sad pwede mang nail cutter kung gabii. kay kung walay suga siguradong magka dugo jud ka.
5. Gidili ang paghuwam og gamit, pagdala og pagkaon gikan sa balay nga duna pay gihaya.
Mark Lester Venida
ICT
https://marklestervenida.blogspot.com/
ReplyDelete#Mark Lester Venida
#Rochell Laboniete
#Rodcen Alvarez
ICT
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDelete5 Indigenous Beliefs
ReplyDelete*Dont step on chickenfeet impressions left in the dirt OR chickenshit on your first period. This well result in smelly period blood for life..
*A Hen crowing at an unusual time of day(such as the afternoon) means that someone nearby is pregnant(or could be). If theres is no answering call from a rooster, the guy won’t take responsibility or help provide for the child. If the rooster answers, then the guy will become a partner and parent as well.
*Dogs know who eats dog: Can explain why a dog might not like you..
* Don’t drink dark fluids during your morning sickness or your baby will be blacker.
*If missing someone, yell there name 3 times into an old water pot and then will return home soon. This ones quite old, the big clay water jugs referred to aren’t really used these days.
#ABEGAYLE MOLINA
#ICT-INGENUITY
1. Friday the 13th: Bad Luck
ReplyDeleteMany of us can’t help feeling a bit of trepidation when we realize another Friday the 13th is coming up.
A fear of the number 13 is one of the most common superstitions around; it’s so widespread that many tall apartment buildings and hotels simply omit labeling their 13th floor. And have you noticed that some airlines don’t have a 13th row?
One version of the origin of this superstition is that Judas Iscariot was the 13th guest at the Last Supper and Jesus was crucified on a Friday.
Put that together and you have one unlucky day of the year.
2. Itchy Palm: Good Luck
There are many variations on this superstition. But the idea of having an itchy palm generally refers to someone who is greedy or has an insatiable desire for money.In Shakespeare’s “Julius Caesar,” Brutus says, “Let me tell you, Cassius, you yourself are much condemned to have an itching palm.”Some believe that if the right palm itches you will meet someone new, while an itchy left palm means that money is coming.Others say that an itchy right palm means money coming in and a left-handed itch foretells money going out.
The superstition warns you not to scratch your palm unless you want to counteract the effect. The only way to scratch it without stopping the effect is to use lucky wood or brass.
3. Walking Under a Ladder: Bad Luck
It’s common sense to avoid walking under an open ladder for fear of something falling on you, but there are superstitious reasons for avoiding ladders too.The shape of an open ladder is a triangle, which signifies life in some mythologies.When you walk through the triangle, it’s thought that you tempt the Fates. You also run the risk of awakening spirits that live within the triangle, including evil spirits who may not be happy with the disturbance.
If you do accidentally walk under a ladder, you can counteract the bad luck by placing your thumb between your index and middle fingers and holding it for at least 5 seconds, or cross the fingers of both hands while calling upon the sign of the cross to protect you from evil.
4. Breaking a Mirror: Bad Luck
Many superstitious people say breaking a mirror sets you up for 7 years of bad luck. That may be because 7 years is the time it takes to replace all the cells in your physical body.In a more superstitious time, mirrors were thought to be reflections of the soul. So breaking a mirror was believed to be harmful to the soul.
To end the chain of bad luck, take the broken mirror outside and bury it in the moon
5. Finding a Horseshoe: Good Luck
In many cultures, a horseshoe is the luckiest of all symbols, especially if you find one with the open end pointing toward you.
If you find one of these good-luck charms, pick it up with your right hand, spit on one end, make a wish and toss it over your left shoulder. Then leave it where it lands.Or place a horseshoe over the entrance to your home with the open ends up. This allows the horseshoe to fill with good luck for everyone living there.
One superstitious belief says the number of nails left on an abandoned horseshoe reveal how many years of good luck are coming your way.light.
#ANNALYN TOLIAO
#12 AVAILABILITY
5 INDIGENOUS BELIEF IN THE PHILIPPINES
ReplyDelete1.Friday the 13th
Many of us cant help a bit of trepidation when we realize another Friday the 13th is coming up.A fear of the number 13 is one of the most common superstitious around,its so widespread that many tall apartment buildings and hotels simply unit labeling their 13th floor.
2.Breaking a Mirror
Many superstitious people say breaking a mirror sets you up for 7 years of bad luck.That may be because 7 years is the time it takes to replace all the cells in our physical body.In more superstitious time,mirrors were thought to be reflections of the soul.So breaking a mirror was believed to be harmful to the soul.
3.Black Cats
This superstitious is a though one for cat lovers to swallow,but in the Middle Ages it was thought that witches kept black cats as companions.Some people even believed that these kitties could turn into witches or demons after 7 years.
4.Knock Twice on Wood
The origin of this well-known superstitious dates back to a time when some cultures believed that Gods lived in trees.To ask the Gods for a favor,people would lightly tap the back of the tree.Then,to say thank you when the favor was granted,a person would knock lightly again on the same tree.
5.Walking Under a Ladder
Its common sense to avoid walking under an open ladder for fear of something falling on you,but there are superstitious reasons for avoiding ladder two.
#MILEN BANUA
#ABM
1.Fitting your wedding dress prior to your wedding day will cost your life.In the Philippines,a bride is strictly prohibited to fit her wedding gown prior to the actual day itself.Yes,this is a common belief also in many other countries,but in the philippines,they believe that doing the said fitting will cost the bride's life.This may be in the form of an accident,or any other unfortunate event that will take place before the wedding day.
ReplyDelete2.Sweeping the floor at night will bring you bad luck.why?because it means sweeping away wealth in the house,as well as,causing the centipedes crawling on the ceiling to fall down and swarm on you.
3.Crossing paths with a black cat is a bad omen.And the way to shirt catastrophe is to immediately go back to the house and postpone your plan or errand for the day.
4.When a woman sing's while cooking,she will end up a spinster.Yes,this sounds funny and highly improbable,but this superstitious belief actually had a pretty strong hold on woman ,especially during the Spanish era.Mothers usually remind their growup daughters not to sing while cooking meals,otherwise they won't be able to marry.
5.If you're coming from a wake take a detour if you must,just DON'T go home immediately if you do,the dead will follow you home and it won't be a pretty sight.
#Aibe P. Cañete
#12 Availability
1. Seeing each other the day before the wedding
ReplyDelete- from our great ancestor's belief, it is said that seeing each other the day before your wedding ends up with a tragedy.
2.Cutting nails at night
- It is said that if you cut your nails at night you are wishing something bad happens to your parents.
3.Sewing your own clothes
- It is said that sewing your own clothes is like putting yourself in to a curse of falling in love to a member of your family.
4.Jumping out of the window
-It is said that if a woman goes out from the window she will run away with a boy in the future.
5.Baby kiss another baby's lips
- It is said that if a baby kisses another baby's lips that certain baby will not be able to speak unless that baby he/she kisses learns how to speak.
#REVILLA, MA. VANESSA
#12 INGENUITY
5 Indigenous Beliefs in the Philippines
ReplyDeleteIf you want bedbugs to leave your house, place some on a piece of paper and leave them in someone else’s house. The other bedbugs will transfer there.
2. If you want to get rid of unwanted visitors, secretly sprinkle salt around your home and they will soon leave.
3. Guests should not open the door while the family is eating because that family’s good fortune will fly out the door.
4. All windows inside a house should be opened on New Year’s Day to let good fortune come in.
5. It is good luck to the family if there are bees found inside the house.
#BUAGAS
#ABM
1.pagtatawas
ReplyDeleteis a divination ritual in he Filipino it attempts to diagnose an affliction or psychological disorder by interpreting shapes produce in water.
2.amulet
there existed belief that amulets known as anting anting.
3.bathala was described as maykapal sa lahat(maker eveything) kapay meaning to mold something between the hands like clay or was.
4.tigmamanukan a local bird an och bird and lizards were said to be omens, particular attention was paid to the tigmamanukan.
5.diwata which was more predominant in the visayan regions indicated that these peoples of luzon.
#mary joy etol
#gas
Like in any other country, Filipinos subscribe to their own set of superstitions or pamahiin inherited from ancestors. Sure, some of these may have been influenced by other countries and cultures, but Pinoys also bring in their own flavour to the belief, making them more interesting or ridiculous-sounding, depending on how you look at it. Now there are hundreds, probably thousands, of superstitious beliefs out there, and these are only some of the more popular ones Filipinos grew up hearing – and believing.
ReplyDelete1. Fitting your wedding dress prior to your wedding day will cost you your life. In the Philippines, a bride is strictly prohibited to fit her wedding gown prior to the actual day itself. Yes, this is a common belief also in many other countries, but in the Philippines, they believe that doing the said fitting will cost the bride’s life. This may be in the form of an accident, or any other unfortunate event that will take place before the wedding day. While we’re not entirely sure about the roots of this superstitious belief, it is believed to have been brought by the Spaniards during the colonization period. To this day, a lot of future brides still follow this belief. After all, it’s better to be safe than sorry!
2. When a woman sings while cooking, she will end up a spinster. Yes, this sounds funny and highly improbable, but this superstitious belief actually had a pretty strong hold on women, especially during the Spanish era. Mothers usually remind their grownup daughters not to sing while cooking meals, otherwise they won’t be able to marry.
3.When three people pose for a picture, the one at the center will be the first to die. Yup, one more reason to avoid being a third wheel, eh?
4.Sweeping the floor at night will bring you bad luck. Why? Because it means sweeping away wealth in the house, as well as, causing the centipedes crawling on the ceiling to fall down and swarm on you.
5.Crossing paths with a black cat is a bad omen. And the way to shirk catastrophe is to immediately go back to the house and postpone your plan or errand for the day.
#MaryJaneGonzaga
#Availability
1.Folk Medicine
ReplyDeletePasma and Usog
Tagalog folk medicine, some practices of which persist today and are studied under Filipino psychology, is strongly influenced by the religious cosmology of the Tagalog people.[13][14] Aside from the indigenous herblore which is common to forms of folk medicine throughout human society, among the overarching concepts within Tagalog folk medicine include the systems of "Usog" and of "Init at Lamig" ("Hot and Cold") which leads to "Pasma.
2.Tagalog soul
The Tagalog people traditionally believe in the two forms of the soul. The first is known as the kakambal (literally means twin), which is the soul of the living. Every time a person sleeps, the kakambal may travel to many mundane and supernatural places which sometimes leads to nightmares if a terrible event is encountered while the kakambal is travelling. When a person dies, the kakambal is ultimately transformed into the second form of the Tagalog soul, which is the kaluluwa (literally means spirit). In traditional Tagalog religion, the kaluluwa then travels to either Kasanaan (if the person was evil when he was living) or Maca (if the person was good when he was living). Both domains are ruled by Bathala, though Kasanaan is also ruled by the deity of souls.
3.Traditional burial practices
The Tagalog people had numerous burial practices prior to Spanish colonization and Catholic introduction. In rural areas of Cavite, trees are used as burial places. The dying person chooses the tree beforehand, thus when he or she becomes terminally ill or is evidently going to die because old age, a hut is built close to the said tree. The deceased's corpse is then entombed vertically inside the hollowed-out tree trunk. Before colonization, a statue known as likha is also entombed with the dead inside the tree trunk. In Mulanay, Quezon and nearby areas, the dead are entombed inside limestone sarcophagi along with a likha statue. However, the practice vanished in the 16th century due to Spanish colonization. In Calatagan, Batangas and nearby areas, the dead are buried under the earth along with likha statues. The statues, measuring 6-12 inches, are personified depictions of anitos. Likha statues are not limited to burial practices as they are also used in homes, prayers, agriculture, medicine, travel, and other means.
4."Lower gods" in Filipino religions
Lesser deities in Filipino religions generally fit into three broad categories: nature spirits residing in the environment, such as a mountain or a tree; guardian spirits in charge of specific aspects of daily life such as hunting or fishing; and deified ancestors or tribal heroes. These categories frequently overlap, with individual deities falling into two or more categories, and in some instances, deities evolve from one role to another, as when a tribal hero known for fishing becomes a guardian spirit associated with hunting.
5.
engkanto
BathalaDiwataPhilippinemythology.jpg
Entities from Filipino mythology; an anito, Tagalog-counterpart of the Visayan diwata, is depicted at the bottom
Gender Male/female
Region Philippines
In Philippine mythology, a diwata (derived from Sanskrit devata देवता; [1] encantada in Spanish) is a type of deity or spirit. The term "diwata" has taken on levels of meaning since its assimilation into the mythology of the pre-colonial Filipinos. The term is traditionally used in the Visayas, Palawan, and Mindanao regions, while the term anito is used in Luzon regions. Both terms are used in Bicol, Marinduque, Romblon, and Mindoro, signifying a 'buffer zone' area for the two terms.
#Jobert Tupas
#12 Availability
THIS WILL INDICATE THE LAST COMMENT FOR THE FIRST CHECKING ON FEBRUARY 13 2019
ReplyDelete5 INDIGENOUS BELIEFS OF FILIPINOS
ReplyDeleteCockfighting
Gamecock | © David Bote Estrada / Flickr
Cockfighting is a common sport in the Philippines | © David Bote Estrada / Flickr
Although it seems like a bloody and even cruel pastime to outsiders, within the Philippines cockfighting is just a part of life. Hopes, dreams, and fortunes are pinned onto the fate of these carefully bred birds. Cockfighting rings are a common sight even in the cities, and there are countless birds being raised for the ring at any time in the countryside. Generally the domain of men, the sport draws crowds to assess, bet, and cheer on the winners – they also eat the losers.
Courting
The Filipino way of wooing is still called courting, and its rituals can feel quite old-fashioned. Catholic women are expected to stay virgins until marriage, and so courting is generally a dignified and polite way for teenage boys and girls to get to know each other without any hanky-panky involved. “Suitors” – interested males – may “send their regards”, shower females with gifts over the years, and go on dates supervised by a chaperone. Of course, much of the younger generation is keen to get away from these old norms, but the traditional practice is still rife among middle-class families.
The three-month Christmas
Christmas Parol | © Michael Swan / Flickr
Christmas Parol decoration | © Michael Swan / Flickr
While this sounds like a fun idea, three months of carols can get a bit tedious. A deeply religious nation, Filipinos adopted Christmas traditions from the Spaniards and built onto those, adding some twists and rituals of their own. The decorating and music starts in October, and reaches a fever pitch in the days before December 24. Early-morning mass, midnight feasting, and diligent gift-buying all feature in the festive period. The colorful ‘parol’ (Christmas star lantern) symbolizes the holiday across the islands.
The whole-neighborhood beach outing
Why enjoy the beach with just your family, when you can invite your extended family, a couple of neighbors, some old classmates, and a few friends too? Filipinos have a habit of preparing a lot of food, piling into some kind of transport, and spending the whole day at the beach in a rented bamboo gazebo called a bahay kubo. Fearful of darkening their skin, Filipinos often swim fully clothed. They make multiple trips between the water and the table, where there may be several indulgent dishes and even a whole grilled pig (if it’s a special occasion.)
Street parades
If you’ve ever lived in a small town in the Philippines, you’ll know just how much the Filipinos love their parades. Each village and city has its own “fiesta”, which it celebrates in unique style, and there are many more festive occasions throughout the year that call for an organized march through the streets.
Sinulog street parade | © Pradeep Swaminathan / Flickr
Sinulog street parade | © Pradeep Swaminathan / Flickr
Of course, many of the biggest parades are tied to religious festivals, but that doesn’t mean they aren’t a great excuse for a party. One of the biggest street festivals in the country, Cebu’s Sinulog runs for several days, with raves, beauty pageants, and dance competitions all thrown into the mix. Filipino parades often involve schools and universities competing in elaborate costumes and choreographed dance routines.
https://theculturetrip.com/asia/philippines/articles/7-traditions-only-filipinos-can-understand/
Allanic,Lea D.
12 ABM
5 Indigenous Belief in the Philippines
ReplyDelete1.Albularyo's- The Albularyo's with the newer technologies offered by the medical field. Still,Albularyo's flourish in many rural areas in the Philippines, by exchanging the native prayers, and still with the catholic oraciones and christian prayer.
2.Halad- Ritual offering of food and drink to honor the spirits of the dead.
3.Diwata- These spirit all around native are known as diwata's,showing cultural relationship with Hinduism [Devatas] currently, there are 135 etho-linguistic tribes in the Philippines, according to the Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino, less than half of which still practice indigenous religions which have been used prior to Spanish Colonialism.
4.Tabi-tabi po - most Filipino children are taught and trained to say these words even if we're not sure if there are elements in our midst.
5.Manghihilot - is the term used in the Philippines for a person who specializes in healing muscular aches and pains by using massage or a midwife with non-formal Midwifery education, many of them do not have any formal training. Rather the skills is passed down from generation to generation.
#Binabinte, Shernalyn
#12-ABM
1.Halad- ritual offering of food and drink to honor the spirit of the dead. most of filipino people is still doing this kind of ritual.just like the muslim if thiere family member is dead they make a ritual what we called duwaa.
ReplyDelete2.Barang- is a Cebuano term taken to mean all forms of malignant majic or sorcery. Filipino people often used this kind of biliefs especialy when they have an enemy or people they hate.
3.Mananambal- is a Filipino practitioner of medicines, Most of the Filipino who lives in mountains they don't bilieve in Doctors, they just want to go Mananambal than to go to Hospital.
4.Courting- Here in the philippines courting is very common for the teenager, because filipino people bilieve courting is the best way to get a women's heart.
5.Gaba- is the concept of non-human and non-divine, emminent retribution. most of the filipino people always says if a child don't have a respect in thiere parents Gaba will come to thiere life, other of Gaba is Karma.
#Casilang Haser o.
#12-GAS
1.anito
ReplyDeletean idol representing a spirit that is usually friendly if properly assuaged
2.aswang
a ghost; a malevolent spirit that acts with capriciousness so people don’t even try to assuage it
3.babaylan
an intermediary with the spirit world; in pre-Spanish society, this was often a woman, though men were not uncommon
4.Bathala
in pre-Spanish society, a conceptualization for a superior being; with Filipinos then believing in several gods, this term may only have been applied to the most powerful
5.erbularyo (from the Spanish herbolario)
a person skilled in combining herbs to cure illness and ward off evil spirits
#modesto ayosep jr.
#12 availability
#
ReplyDeletert
1.Anito are spirits who have never been human. These spirits can range from simple spirits like the diwata of a particular rock or place to deities who personify abstract concepts and natural phenomena, to deities who are part of an actual pantheon
ReplyDelete2.Cañao is a socio-religious ritual where chickens, pigs, and/or carabaos are butchered or feasted on. The purpose of this is to cure those who get sick because of sapiloy, a spell cast on plants to guard them from being stolen. A chicken is usually butchered but if there is none, then pasterns (kuku) of the pig are roasted instead.
3.Bathala is the creator of all things — the sea, the sky, the earth, and all the plants. He dwelt in the highest realm of the sky. No one knows where Bathala came from.
4.Dionysus god of wine, vegetation, pleasure, and festivity. The Roman equivalent is Bacchus. Gaea, the goddess of the earth and its personification. She is also the primal mother goddess.
5.Bakunawa say that it is the cause of eclipses.
ancient Filipinos would go out of their homes with pans and pots, and would make noise in order to scare the Bakunawa into spitting out the moon back into the sky.
#rey anthony albasite
#ABM 12- accountablity
1.Bawal kumanta sa harap ng apoy kasi makakapag asawa ka ng matanda.
ReplyDelete-Sabi ng mama ko, na nanggaling pa sa mama niya.At pinaniniwalaan nila ito dati pa at gayon din kami.
2.Bawal maligo pag may namatay na kakilala kasi pinaniniwalaan ng mga matatanda na maaaring sumunod ang gumawa nito sa pamamagitan ng tubig.May mga iilan na naniniwala sa pamahiing ito meron ding iilan na hindi, sapagkat ito ay napakatagal na .Nalaman ko ang pamahiin na ito sa aking lola.
3.Bawal bumili ng asin pag gabi kasi maaaring matunaw ito at maaari ding tumaob ang dagat. Ang pamahiing ito ay pinaniniwalaan pa rin hanggang ngayon kasi may mga tindahan pa rin ang hindi nagtitinda ng asin pag gabi. Nalaman ko ang pamahiing ito sa tindahan na binilhan ko ng asin at nanggaling pa daw ito sa lola niya.
4.Wag magwawalis pag gabi kasi mawawalis ang grasya. Ang pamahiing ito ay pinanawalaan ng iilan, dati ay pinananiniwalaan ko din ito dahil nagagalit ang papa ko pag ginagawa namin to kasi sabi daw ng papa niya na bawal daw.
5.Pag may panaginip daw na natanggal ang ngipin kailan daw na ikagat ito sa mga bagay na kahoy kasi ang may panaginip ka raw na ganon maari daw mamatay, at pinaniniwalaan na ang pagkagat sa kahoy ay pwedeng gawin para hindi matuloy.
#Leslie Jane Landiza
#ICT 12
1. Bawal isukat ang damit pangkasal kasi hindi matutuloy ang kasal kasi may isa daw ang mamatay at ito ay kasabihan ng karamihan at hanggang ngayon ay pinaniniwalaan padin ng karamihang tao
ReplyDelete2.isa sa maniniwala ayon sa lola ko kapag daw matutu ang bata ng una niyang pag baliktad kaylangan daw mag patung ng isang libro kasi pinaniniwalaan nila na para daw maging matalino ang bata sa pag laki nito.
3.isa sa paniniwala ng lola ko na kapag may pumasok sa luob ng bahay ng malaking paro-paro na kulay itim ay nag sisimbulo ito na may dadating na malas sabuhay nila
4.isa sa kinalakihan kong sabi sabi samin na kapag may natanggalan ka ng ngipin itapon mo daw sa bubung kasi pinapaniwalaan na papalitan daw ito ng daga(mouse) at isa rin dito ay wag ka ngingiti dahil kapag na kita ng butiki at diniwalan niya hindi daw ito tutubo.
5.isa sa pinaniniwalaan ng mga matatanda at kadalasan ito sa mga babae kapag nag papaputul sila ng buhok hindi nila ito tinatapon at nilalagay nila ito sa puno ng saging para mabilis ito ulit tumubo at nalaman ko itong kasabihan na ito sa aking kaibigang babae.
#Mosqueda John Raven T.
#ICT CP-12
INDIGENOUS BELIEFS IN PHILIPPINES
ReplyDelete1.If a pregnant woman looks beautiful and kind, she will have a baby girl; if she looks ugly and cruel, she will have a baby boy.
2.A pregnant woman who gives birth to a baby boy will have a painful delivery; one who has a girl will have an easy delivery.
3.If one combs his hair at night, his parents will die.
4.If one puts his used plates over those of others while some are still eating, the last one to leave the table will have many problems.
5.If one gives a wallet or a bag as a gift, he must put some money in it or else such wallet or bag will bring bad luck.
#GARGAR
#ABM-AVAILABILITY
1. Mambarangay -is the kind of person that has the ability to summoned an evil spirits,and to let other people to died without the findings of a doctor what was the real cause are.
ReplyDelete2. Manananggal-is a half body winged creature that centered those pregnant womens and the baby on their womb.
3. Albularyo-a person who has the ability to heal those sickness of the persons that involves a paranormal activities.
4. Samtilmo-is a creature that looks like a ball of fire that occurs when their were a unexpected calamities specially on the roads, and also when their were a presence of blood on the place were it happens.
5. Capre- they says that this types of creatures lives on those huges trees and they said that it has the ability to let someones to go round and round into ones place.
#Diether Namoco
#GALLANTRY
#02-17-2019
TURN YOUR PLATE WHEN SOMEONE LEAVES IN THE MIDDLE OF THE MEAL
ReplyDelete- when sitting at the dining table for a meal and
someone gets up to leave before the rest of the
group finishes, everybody left at the table should
turn their plates to ensure safe travels for the
person leaving.
DONT GO STRAIGHT HOME AFTER ATTENTING A WAKE
- this superstition is called "pagpag". In the
context of a wake, it means going elsewhere
after attending the wake before heading home
to shake off the spirit of the deceased lest it
follows you home.
REASSURE YOUR HOST THAT YOU'RE HUMAN
- a very common line used by filipinos when
knowing on someone's door is "tao po!" many
assume it refers to the knocker calling out to
ask if there are any people inside that she/he
is a person and not a possibly harmful
supernatural creature.
SIBLINGS SHOULD NOT MARRY WITHIN THE SAME YEAR
- it is called "sukob" and advises against siblings
marrying within the same year as it is to divide
the luck between the two marriages.
SERVE PANCIT AT CELEBRATIONS, ESPECIALLY BIRTHDAYS
- this ever-present dish at filipino gatherings is
to believe to represent a long life.
# Marie G. Balingit
#ABM
# Feb. 18, 2019
1. Crossing paths with a black cat is a bad omen. And the way to shirk catastrophe is to immediately go back to the house and postpone your plan or errand for the day.
ReplyDelete2. Siblings should not marry within the same year. This is called “sukob” and advises against siblings marrying within the same year as it is said to divide the luck between the two marriages. Another type of sukob advises against marriages within the same year as the death of an immediate family member. Pushing to do so is considered bad luck.
3. Serve pancit (noodles) at celebrations, especially birthdays. This ever-present dish at Filipino gatherings is believed to represent long life. And while Filipinos today may joke and laugh about actually believing that this noodle dish is served for long life, it remains a staple at nearly every birthday feast.
4.Respect the elementals. Filipino folklore is rich with a variety of elementals, from giants smoking tobacco, to small, grumpy, old men living in anthills. Stories of these creatures fill the childhoods of many Filipino children, inciting both intrigue and fear. Many still surround the beliefs in such creatures today. Among the most practiced is the saying of “tabi tabi po” (excuse me) when passing through places where elementals are likely to dwell. These places are usually outdoors, such as anthills and Balete trees. Failure to do so and disturbing such creatures may lead to unexplained sickness that can only be cured by an albularyo (folk healer).
5.Be careful when showing fondness over babies. It’s difficult to restrain from playing with cute babies or complimenting their parents on their adorable features, but doing so in the Philippines is believed by some, to be a potential cause of illness. Referred to as either “usog” or “bati”, this says that when a person with strong energy greets a child, the child may soon after suffer from unexplainable discomfort. This is why, especially in the countryside, older people know to say “pwera usog” when showing fondness over children. This is meant to counter any usog that may have happened otherwise. If this isn’t said, and parents attribute certain maladies of their children to usog, they may ask the greeter to smear their saliva on the suffering child’s forehead as a cure.
#Cristel Abrajano
#ICT
1. Oro, Plata, Mata Oro, This superstitious belief is popular in Southern Luzon where people count the stairs in their house. When cement or wooden stairs are being constructed, you must count each step from the bottom to the top by threes while saying ‘Oro, Plata, Mata’ which means gold, silver, and death. If the topmost step falls under oro or plata, good fortune is believed to happen to the owners of the house. But if the top step falls under mata, the owners will experience bad luck.
ReplyDelete2. Headless photograph A girl in the photo appeared to be headless Have you ever taken a ‘selfie’ where you cannot see your head or face? One Filipino superstition says that if you or another person cannot see a person’s face or head, it means that person is about to die. While this belief might freak that person out, there is a way to prevent his ‘death’. It is said that if the person takes off the clothes he is wearing on that very moment and bury it to the ground as soon as possible, he could cheat death.
3. Origin of “tao po” when knocking on doors Filipinos often say “tao po” whenever we would want to enter someone’s house. This might seem like our way of finding out whether people are actually inside that house, but saying “tao po” back in the old times is also a way of informing the owner of the house that his visitor is actually a human and not another being such as enkantos, fairies, and dwarfs that do not know how to speak the way humans do.
4. Scent of flower or candle in a house Flower and candle scent superstition Smelling a scent of flower or candle when there is nothing such inside your house suggests death. A superstitious belief says that when you smell odd scents such as that of flower or candle, a family member, relative, or a friend is either dying or had just died.
5. 'Pagpag' After visiting a dead person's wake, you might want to drop by a store or a friend's house or anywhere you can think of before going back to your house. According to this belief, one should not go straight back home after visiting a wake for the dead person will follow you in your house. The superstition is referred to as "pagpag" which when translated, means shaking off excess dirt. -
1. Oro, Plata, Mata Oro, This superstitious belief is popular in Southern Luzon where people count the stairs in their house. When cement or wooden stairs are being constructed, you must count each step from the bottom to the top by threes while saying ‘Oro, Plata, Mata’ which means gold, silver, and death. If the topmost step falls under oro or plata, good fortune is believed to happen to the owners of the house. But if the top step falls under mata, the owners will experience bad luck.
ReplyDelete2. Headless photograph A girl in the photo appeared to be headless Have you ever taken a ‘selfie’ where you cannot see your head or face? One Filipino superstition says that if you or another person cannot see a person’s face or head, it means that person is about to die. While this belief might freak that person out, there is a way to prevent his ‘death’. It is said that if the person takes off the clothes he is wearing on that very moment and bury it to the ground as soon as possible, he could cheat death.
3. Origin of “tao po” when knocking on doors Filipinos often say “tao po” whenever we would want to enter someone’s house. This might seem like our way of finding out whether people are actually inside that house, but saying “tao po” back in the old times is also a way of informing the owner of the house that his visitor is actually a human and not another being such as enkantos, fairies, and dwarfs that do not know how to speak the way humans do.
4. Scent of flower or candle in a house Flower and candle scent superstition Smelling a scent of flower or candle when there is nothing such inside your house suggests death. A superstitious belief says that when you smell odd scents such as that of flower or candle, a family member, relative, or a friend is either dying or had just died.
5. 'Pagpag' After visiting a dead person's wake, you might want to drop by a store or a friend's house or anywhere you can think of before going back to your house. According to this belief, one should not go straight back home after visiting a wake for the dead person will follow you in your house. The superstition is referred to as "pagpag" which when translated, means shaking off excess dirt. -
# Mark P. Rebonanza
1.If a pregnant woman looks beautiful and kind, she will have a baby girl; if she looks ugly and cruel, she will have a baby boy.
ReplyDelete2. If you want to get rid of unwanted visitors, secretly sprinkle salt around your home and they will soon leave.
3.Cutting nails in night, some told me that cutting nails in night is bad because it brings bad luck to your life.
4. A black cat crossing your path means bad luck.
5. Combing hair at night means you are inviting the early death of your parents.
#ramon elton mopon
#grade12gallantry
#february 18, 2019
ReplyDeleteOur culture is a big reflection of our great and complex
history. It is influenced by most of the people we have
interacted with. A blend of the Malayo-Polynesian and
Hispanic culture with the influence from Chinese, Indians
Arabs, and other Asian cultures really contribute to the
customs and traditions of the Filipinos.
Filipino culture is unique compared to other Asian
countries, and beliefs apply every day in the life of the
Filipinos and reveal how rich and blessed the culture the
people have.
1.)Courtship
We Filipinos are very romantic when it comes to heart
affairs. Serenading or Harana in Tagalog is one of the
most popular forms of courtship to show that a man is
very serious with his intentions to a woman. A serenade
would require the young man to sing a love song in front
of the young lady's house. Normally, he is accompanied
by his male friends who act as back-up singers. The man
himself or his friend played the instrument, usually a
guitar, which provides the background music to his song.
2.) Mano Po . When children or young
people greet or say goodbye to their elders they typically
do so by taking the right hand of the elder with their right
hand and touch the back the elder's hand lightly on their
forehead. It is a way of giving respect to the elders and I
believe that is also a way of receiving blessing to the
elders.
Mano is a Spanish word for “hand” while Po is used in
the end of the sentence when addressing elders or
superiors.
3.) Bayanihan
Have you ever experienced the bayanihan in our
country? It is the spirit of communal unity or effort to
achieve a particular objective. A famous example of this
is the neighbors carrying a hut or house to a new
location. People nowadays use it to describe an
outpouring of community spirit-as people give their all to
the common good, without expecting recognition or
personal gain.
4.) Fiestas
Every town and city in the Philippines has a fiesta of its
own; whatever time of the year it is, there's sure to be a
fiesta going on somewhere.
Fiestas in the Philippines are held to celebrate a patron
saint. It is part and parcel of Filipino culture through
good times and bad times, it must go on. The biggest
and most elaborate festival of all is Christmas, a season
celebrated with all the pomp and pageantry where the
whole country breaks out in celebrations that can begin
long before December.
For individual Filipinos, fiestas can be a way of
supplicating the heavens or to make amends for past
wrongs. It is a way to celebrate their blessings,
commemorate their past and observe solemn religious
rituals. Celebrations may take the form of music,
dancing, feasting, beauty contests, balls, processions,
sports challenges or a host of other events.
Spanish influence is evident in the elaborate masks,
makeup, headdresses and costumes worn by the
revelers; outfits which often take months of preparation.
5.) Eating with Hands (Kamayan)
In addition to the use of the fork and spoon, eating with
your hands or kamayan is another common Filipino
tradition. For many Filipinos, kamayan gives full taste to
the food instead of using utensils. Gather a small portion
of meat or fish and a bite-sized portion of rice on your
plate. Then use all your fingers to gather the food into a
small mountain or mound. Pick up the little mound and
put it in your mouth using your thumb to gently push the
food in.
Filipinos usually eat rice that has a slightly sticky
consistency so making the little mounds is easier than if
you were to use a jasmine or basmati rice. Of course,
this method of eating doesn't work with soup/stew or
noodles and other kinds of food but for your basic plate
of rice, meat/fish and vegetables it works quite well!
Next time you make dinner try eating kamayan.
#Annie Rose Ornopia
#12ABM
5 indigenous beliefs
ReplyDelete1.Tagalog soul
The Tagalog people traditionally believe in the two forms of the soul. The first is known as the kakambal which is the soul of the living. When a person dies, the kakambal is ultimately transformed into the second form of the Tagalog soul, which is the kaluluwa. Both domains are ruled by Bathala, though Kasanaan is also ruled by the deity of souls.
2.Tigmamanukan
Tigmamanukan called as the local bird, an omen bird. Although the behaviors of numerous birds and lizards were said to be omens, particular attention was paid to the tigmamanukan.
According to San Beunaventura's Dictionary, the Tagalog believe that the direction of tigmamanukan flying across one's part at the beginning a journey indicated the undertaking result. If it flew from right to left, the expedition would be a success. If the bird flew from left to right, the travelers would surely never return.
3.Traditional burial practices
Tagalog people had numerous burial prior to Spanish colonization and Catholic introduction. In rural areas of , trees are used as burial places. The dying person chooses the tree beforehand, thus when he or she becomes ill or is evidently going to die because old age, a hut is built close to the said tree. The deceased corpse is then entombed vertically inside the hollowed out tree trunk. Before colonization, a statue known as likha is also entombed with the dead inside the tree trunk. Likha statues are not limited to burial practices as they are also used in homes, prayers, agriculture, medicine, travel, and other means.
4.Dream Beliefs
Tagalog people traditionally believe that when a person sleeps, he may or may not dream the omens of Bathala. The omens are hazy illusions within a dream, the appearance of an omen creature such as tigmamanukan, or sightings from the future. The omen dreams are only warnings and possibilities drafted by Bathala.
5.Pag-aanito
When any chief is ill, he invites his kindred and orders a great meal to be prepared, consisting of fish, meat and wine. When the guest are all assembled and the feast set forth in a few plates on the ground inside the house, they seat themselves also on the ground to eat. In midst of the feast they put the idol called Batala and certain aged women who are considered as priestesses, and some aged Indians neither more nor less. They offer the idol some of the food which they are eating, and call upon him in their tongue, praying to him for the health of the sick man for whom the feast is held.
#Fresha May Gomez
#Grade-12-Availability
#Feb. 19-2019
1). We were not allowed to take a bath or comb our hair inside the house where the deceased rested in the casket. It was said that combing our hair can cause our own deaths, one after the other. There was no logical reason given to me, but hey, I followed and took a bath somewhere else and combed my hair while going to the market.
ReplyDelete2). Red clothes were not allowed for the adults, but were for the kids, as the red color would protect the kids from seeing the ghost of the dead.
3).We were not allowed to bring home food served from the wake. It was said that the dead would not like it and would follow you home.
4). Siblings can’t marry in the same year.
Filipinos called this as “Sukob” wherein siblings who marry within the same year is a bad luck. They say that both of them will experience a misfortune life.
5). Brides should not wear pearls.
Pearls are the tears of oyster. That is why; people believed that the bride who wears pearls will experience a lot of heartaches and tears during their marriage life
#Aiko M.Pestaño
#Grade12 Gallantry
#February 21,2019
5 Indigeneous beliefs
ReplyDelete1.) The bride should not wear his wedding dress a day before her wedding , because there's possibility that the wedding will not be continued.
2.) We should not sleep while our hair is wet beacause it can cause blindness.
3.) Avoid using mirror while there is a dead person in your house.
4.) Some people killed an animals such as chicken to become a so called " alay " to it's anito.
5.) Girls should not do an cleaning activities whwn they have their period.
#RONAORALDE
#GRADE12-GALLANTRY
#FEB.21,2019
5 indigeneous belifes
ReplyDelete1.religion-one of the indigeneous beliefs in the country thats what you encounter the religion is the indigenous.
2.islam-it is also known that islam is the one indigeneous belifes in the country especially in the mindanao
3.cristianism-this is the indigeneous in the phil.it is because where also arround.
4.judaism-is one who belive in the god...like the jesus he is the one judaism because of thier beliefs.
5.gosh-is the one who belive or beliefs in manny peole especially the older person.
#maybell osing
#Grade 12-gallantry
#feb.21,2019
1.Fitting your wedding dress prior to your wedding day will cost you your life.
ReplyDeleteIn the Philippines, a bride is strictly prohibited to fit her wedding gown prior to the actual day itself. Yes, this is a common belief also in many other countries, but in the Philippines, they believe that doing the said fitting will cost the bride’s life. This may be in the form of an accident, or any other unfortunate event that will take place before the wedding day. While we’re not entirely sure about the roots of this superstitious belief, it is believed to have been brought by the Spaniards during the colonization period. To this day, a lot of future brides still follow this belief. After all, it’s better to be safe than sorry!
2.Bringing home food served at a wake or a funeral will bring bad luck.
There are superstitions aplenty involving the dead – the dearly departed whose souls/spirits are said to still be roaming around for 40 days after death. Therefore, hoarding food served at a wake and bringing them home is tantamount to inviting bad luck into your own home.
3.Saying “tao, tao po” while knocking at someone’s door is more than just asking if there’s someone in the house.
It’s a common custom for Filipinos to say “tao po” when knocking at someone else’s door. While it literally means asking if someone’s inside the house, elders also believe that this is one way of introducing yourself as human and not some supernatural creature such as dwarves, fairies, or encantos who can’t do humanspeak.
4.When a woman sings while cooking, she will end up a spinster.
Yes, this sounds funny and highly improbable, but this superstitious belief actually had a pretty strong hold on women, especially during the Spanish era. Mothers usually remind their grownup daughters not to sing while cooking meals, otherwise they won’t be able to marry.
5.When someone sees you and you appear to be headless, it means you’re about to die.
Another popular superstition in the Philippines is when someone says that he/she cannot see your head/face, it means that you are going to die. Soon. Same belief applies with photographs in which your face or head appears to be missing (darkened/blurred/shaded for example). However, you can still change the course of your “fate” by taking off the clothes you’re currently wearing and burying them on the ground as soon as possible. Like the wedding dress superstition, the source of this belief still has to be found, but it grew to immense popularity especially in the 1980s and early 1990s when it became the subjects of Pinoy movies with plots revolving around grisly murders that were based on real-life crime stories.
#ABEGEILLE PARAISO
#12- INGENUITY
#FEB. 22, 2019
5 Indigenous beliefs
ReplyDelete1.Wag mag-outing bago ang graduation
Karamihan pinagbabawalan ng mga magulang na pasamahin ang anak nila bago at pagkatapos ng graduation dahil takaw aksidente daw. May nalulunod, nababangga ang sasakyan at iba pang malalang aksidente.
Takot silang gumala ka bago ang graduation dahil ang pera nila na panghanda sa inyong magiging bisita ay mababawasan kapag pumunta ka sa Boracay dahil tiyak na manghihingi ka. Magastos ang paggraduate.
Takot silang sumama ka sa outing pagkatapos ng graduation dahil bukod sa galing kayo sa malaking gastusin, ikaw ang inaasahan nila na mag-aahon sa kanila sa kahirapan at takot silang maaksidente ka dahil pag nawala ka, mawawalan ng kabuluhan ang kanilang pagpapaaral sayo. Ang pag-asa nilang inatang sayo ay mawawala kapag namatay ka.
Kaya intindihin niyo ang magulang ninyo. Hindi sila naghihigpit dahil naniniwala sila na may nangunguhanh diwata sa ilog kundi mas tumaas lang ang kanilang pagpapahalaga sa iyo.
2.Bawal magligpit hangga’t di pa tapos kumain lahat ng nasa hapag kainan. Hindi raw makakapag-asawa.
— Tanong, sino ang naiiwan lagi sa hapag kainan pag kumakain ang buong pamilya? malamang sina lolo’t lola na kung hindi nakapustiso ay gilagid lang ang ginagamit sa pag-nguya. Pag nagligpit ka, prinepressure mo sila na kumain ng mas mabilis na hindi nila kayang gawin dahil nga gilagid lang o pustiso ang kanilang pinangkakagat (hilig din ng matatanda manimot ng mga ulam lalo na pag isda dahil nanghihinayang sila kung itatapon lang). Kaya isang araw, nagkasundo si lolo’t lola mo na ang magligpit ng hapag kainan hangga’t di pa tapos lahat ay hindi mag-aasawa. Sino ba namang tao ang hindi gusto makapag-asawa diba? (maliban lang kung magma-madre o magpa-pari.
3.Itapon ang ipin sa bubong at papalitan ito ng daga
– Bakit hindi aso? Bakit hindi pusa? Ang ipin ng daga ay mas nahahawig sa ipin ng tao. lalo na ang 2 ipin sa harap kumpara sa aso at pusa na matatalas. Sinasabi rin ito ng matatanda bilang pampalubag loob sa mga batang nahihiyang ngumiti at makipaglaro sa mga kaibigan. Sinasabi lang ito ng matatanda kapag hindi pa permanent tooth ang nabungi sa bata. Kaya ang mga bata, magugulat dahil totoo nga na napalitan ang kanilang ipin pagkalipas lang ng ilang linggo.
4.Wag matutulog na basa ang buhok. Mabubulag ka.
– Una, hindi ito applicable sa mga kalbo. Pangalawa, para mapatunayan niyo ito sa sarili niyo, subukan niyo ito ng kahit isang beses. Hindi totoo na mabubulag ka. Pero totoo na gigising ka na blurred ang iyong paningin. San ba nagsisimula ang pagkabulag? Edi sa panlalabo ng paningin. Kaya nila nasasabi na mabubulag ka, hindi nga lang agad-agad kundi pag pinagpatuloy mo ang pagtulog na basa ang buhok. Lalo na noong unang panahon na wala pang magagandang tela na bath towel na nakakaabsorb ng tubig sa buhok at lalo ng wala pang electric fan at hair dryer at blower.
5.Wag magwalis sa gabi. Lalabas ang grasya.
– Noon, may halaga ang ating 1 sentimo. Hindi pa rin noon uso ang mga bumbilya at gumagamit lamang sila ng gasera. Mawawalis ang mga nakakalat na barya sa sahig kapag nagwalis sila sa gabi. Kaya iniiwasan nila ito.
#NOVA MARIE FERNANDEZ
#12-INGENUITY
#FEB.25,2019
Bawal maligo kapag Biyernes Santo kasi raw Patay ang Diyos.
ReplyDeleteBawal magpakasal ang magkapatid sa loob ng isang taon o pag may namatay na kamag-anak. Sukob. Mamalasin ka.
Kapag ang inyong alagang aso ay nanganganak ng marami, itapon mo ang isa sa mga ito upang hindi ito mamatay isa-isa at lumaki ang natitira pang mga tuta nang malusog.
Bawal maligo kapag may regla dahil baka sila’y maloka.
Bawal kumain ng maasim kapag may regla.
#CRISTEL LADIAO
#12- Ingenuity
Bawal maligo kapag Biyernes Santo kasi raw Patay ang Diyos.
ReplyDeleteBawal magpakasal ang magkapatid sa loob ng isang taon o pag may namatay na kamag-anak. Sukob. Mamalasin ka.
Kapag ang inyong alagang aso ay nanganganak ng marami, itapon mo ang isa sa mga ito upang hindi ito mamatay isa-isa at lumaki ang natitira pang mga tuta nang malusog.
Bawal maligo kapag may regla dahil baka sila’y maloka.
Bawal kumain ng maasim kapag may regla.
#CRISTEL LADIAO
#12- Ingenuity
1. Fitting your wedding dress prior to your wedding day will cost you your life. In the Philippines, a bride is strictly prohibited to fit her wedding gown prior to the actual day itself. Yes, this is a common belief also in many other countries, but in the Philippines, they believe that doing the said fitting will cost the bride’s life. This may be in the form of an accident, or any other unfortunate event that will take place before the wedding day. While we’re not entirely sure about the roots of this superstitious belief, it is believed to have been brought by the Spaniards during the colonization period. To this day, a lot of future brides still follow this belief. After all, it’s better to be safe than sorry!
ReplyDelete2.When a woman sings while cooking, she will end up a spinster.
Yes, this sounds funny and highly improbable, but this superstitious belief actually had a pretty strong hold on women, especially during the Spanish era. Mothers usually remind their grownup daughters not to sing while cooking meals, otherwise they won’t be able to marry.
3.We were not allowed to take a bath or comb our hair inside the house where the deceased rested in the casket. It was said that combing our hair can cause our own deaths, one after the other. There was no logical reason given to me, but hey, I followed and took a bath somewhere else and combed my hair while going to the market.
4.Siblings should not marry within the same year. This is called “sukob” and advises against siblings marrying within the same year as it is said to divide the luck between the two marriages. Another type of sukob advises against marriages within the same year as the death of an immediate family member. Pushing to do so is considered bad luck.
5.Courtship When a star is close to the moon, it is believed that it is the proper time to court a lady. The man's proposal will readily be accepted.
#Delante
#12 Ingenuity
1. Bawal ang manalamin pag may patay kase daw susundan ka nito.
ReplyDelete2. Bawal magsuklay sa gabe, kase nagdadasal ka na mamatay daw ang iyong mga magulang .
3. Bawal bumili ng asin pag gabi kasi maaaring matunaw ito at maaari
ding tumaob ang dagat. Ang pamahiing ito ay pinaniniwalaan pa rin hanggang ngayon kasi may mga tindahan pa rin ang hindi nagtitinda ng asin pag gabi. Nalaman ko ang pamahiing ito sa tindahan na binilhan ko ng asin at nanggaling pa daw ito sa lola niya.
4. Bawal magpakasal ang magkapatid sa loob ng isang taon o pag may namatay na kamag-anak. Sukob. Mamalasin ka.
5.Wag magwalis sa gabi. Lalabas ang grasya.
– Noon, may halaga ang ating 1 sentimo. Hindi pa rin noon uso ang mga bumbilya at gumagamit lamang sila ng gasera. Mawawalis ang mga nakakalat na barya sa sahig kapag nagwalis sila sa gabi. Kaya iniiwasan nila ito.
#JHAY ANN RAZO
#12 ICT INGENUITY
1.Bawal mag walis kapag gabi, nakakamalas ito pag ginagawa mo.
ReplyDelete2.Bawal kang pumasok sabahay pag galing ka sa patay, maglagay ka muna ng abo sa labas ng bahay bago ka pumasok o di kaya magpalit ka ng ibang dapit para di ka masundan ng ispirito ng patay.
3.Bawal bumili ng asin sa gabi dapat dagat, nakakamalis din ito at baka tuab ang dagat.
4.Pag ikay ipinagpaniginipan ng isang maligno swerte daw ito.
5.Ang buntis dapat mag suot ng itim na damit sa gabi para hindi makita ang bata ng aswang.
#Dario Sajorda
#12 ICT INGENUITY
1. Shamanism, religious phenomenon centred on the shaman, a person believed to achieve various powers through trance or ecstatic religious experience. Although shamans’ repertoires vary from one culture to the next, they are typically thought to have the ability to heal the sick, to communicate with the otherworld, and often to escort the souls of the dead to that otherworld.
ReplyDelete2. Taboo, also spelled tabu, Tongan tabu, Maori tapu, the prohibition of an action based on the belief that such behaviour is either too sacred and consecrated or too dangerous and accursed for ordinary individuals to undertake. The term taboo is of Polynesian origin and was first noted by Captain James Cook during his visit to Tonga in 1771; he introduced it into the English language, after which it achieved widespread currency. Although taboos are often associated with the Polynesian cultures of the South Pacific, they have proved to be present in virtually all societies past and present.
3. Totem pole, carved and painted log, mounted vertically, constructed by the Indians of the Northwest Coast of the United States and Canada. There are seven principal kinds of totem pole: memorial, or heraldic, poles, erected when a house changes hands to commemorate the past owner and to identify the present one; grave markers (tombstones); house posts, which support the roof; portal poles, which have a hole through which a person enters the house; welcoming poles, placed at the edge of a body of water to identify the owner of the waterfront; mortuary poles, in which the remains of the deceased are placed; and ridicule poles, on which an important individual who had failed in some way had his likeness carved upside down.
The carving on totem poles separates and emphasizes the flat, painted surfaces of the symbolic animals and spirits depicted on them. Each pole generally has from one (as with a grave marker) to many (as with a family legend) animal images on it, all following standardized forms which are familiar to all Indians of the Northwest Coast; beavers, for example, always include cross-hatched tails, and eagles show downward curved beaks.
4. Animism, belief in innumerable spiritual beings concerned with human affairs and capable of helping or harming human interests. Animistic beliefs were first competently surveyed by Sir Edward Burnett Tylor in his work Primitive Culture (1871), to which is owed the continued currency of the term. While none of the major world religions are animistic (though they may contain animistic elements), most other religions—e.g., those of tribal peoples—are. For this reason, an ethnographic understanding of animism, based on field studies of tribal peoples, is no less important than a theoretical one, concerned with the nature or origin of religion.
5. Sacred Pipe, also called Peace Pipe or Calumet, one of the central ceremonial objects of the Northeast Indians and Plains Indians of North America, it was an object of profound veneration that was smoked on ceremonial occasions. Many Native Americans continued to venerate the Sacred Pipe in the early 21st century.
The Sacred Pipe was revered as a holy object, and the sacrament of smoking was employed as a major means of communication between humans and sacred beings; the narcotic effect of tobacco and the symbolism of the indrawn and ascending smoke affirmed that such communication took place. The pipe itself was a symbolic microcosm. Its parts, its colours, and the motifs used in its decoration each corresponded to essential parts of the indigenous universe. The pipe was smoked in personal prayer and during collective rituals, and both of these uses commonly began with invocations to the six directions: east, south, west, north, skyward, and earthward. Among some tribes such as the Pawnee, Omaha, and Crow, complex pipe dances were developed that presented smoke offerings to the Almighty on behalf of the entire community.
#Equila
#ABM
SECOND CHECKING OF ONLINE TEST
ReplyDeletelast checking for online quiz
ReplyDelete1. One of the famous indigenous beliefs are originated in Israel and one of the most oldest beliefs where in pouring an sacred oil for choosing a king for this nation, first practiced by the phropets in order of choosing kings such as King David (Author of Psalms of David) and King Solomon (Author of Proverbs). These are written in the Bible as a history of indigenous belief by the Jewish people.
ReplyDelete2. Bathalism - It is a Tagalog belief for a god or a diety which they believe who created the universe and all things. This is a tagalog diety which named Bathala which means supreme being or a creator (e.g. god, architect). It is popular among Filipinos when they are in times of trouble or in no other hope situation to say, "Bahala na." Which simply means, "Let Bathala do the thing." or "Let Bathala solve this."
3. Another Indigenous belief is originated in Central America which do they called the American Indians where in they dances so what they called, "Rainmaking" where in they dance in circle using 1 foot on the ground and 1 foot hanging as if they are the clouds and hopping around in circle to call rain, to norture their props which are primarily the origins of Corn.
4. Probably the most popular art nowadays is Tattoo, where in originated in some regions and islands of Southern hemisphere of America, an art which represents the experiences and beliefs in their skins as permanent marks and as sign of power. Unlike cave drawings, their skins are used as a canvass for these tribe in America called Polynesian (e.g. the Moana Movie). These are people who lives in trophical places, islands and voyagers. Animal Tattoos on their bodies are reserved for their belief that they die their spirit will go into an animal that is in their tattoo.
5. The Maya's cannibalism. The Mayas are famous in terms of heart organ sacrificials to their god where in they take slaves as their offerings for the gods as seen in the movie: Apocalypto. Where in they shed blood and slice through the chest to remove heart and eat it as the symbolism of their hard work. These Ceremony was once propagandated by the Spanish Empire and once proved a history. This practices might be so harsh and very frightening but these are times where in ancient practices where in no rights of laws for humans and just inhuman actions, or animal characters are free to dwell among others.
#RodcenAlvarez
#GRADE12INGENUITY